The David Brent Wolfe Dictionary of

English Martial Art Terms

- R -

• Ranges of combat are the distances between opponents. Grappling is the closest range. Trapping, and the use of elbows, knees, head butts strikes are considered to be the next range of techniques. The use of punching and kicking are the next range. The optimal range of close in weapons such as sticks, sword, etc is the next range. The middle range of weapons is the range of the staff or spear. A longer range of weapons is the use of weapons which do not require physical contact with the opponent, such as a bow and arrow or a throwing knife. The Japanese term for appropriate combat range is maai.
• Reactionary gap is the concept that action is faster than reaction and the distance needed to react properly to an attack is termed the reactionary gap. Studies have show that a law enforcement officer with a holstered sidearm will need a minimum of 21 feet to give them the minimum time to respond properly to a sudden attack.
• Reactive Opponent Control is a concept of fighting utilizing body positioning and body manipulation devised by Gregg Wooldridge.
• Red is the color Aka in Japanese.
• Reverse breathing is inhaling combined with the dantien sinking down. The dantien is the Chinese term for the energy center of the body. It is located in the lower abdomen. Normally, when settling into stance, most people exhale. Therefore, this exhaling is considered normal breathing.
• Ribs in Japanese are Abara, .
• Rising is agari in Japanese.
• Rising block is called age uke in Japanese.
• Rising punch is also known as age zuki in Japanese and chi chu te in the Qilin quan style of kung-fu. It is a punch done with the knuckles on the back side of the fist.
• R.O.C. stands for Reactive Opponent Control. See above.