Instrument Navigation

Instrument Rating Training

Non-Precision Approaches

Objective:

To gain knowledge of non-precision approach procedures, including checklist useage and charts.

Elements:

a. selection of the appropriate instrument approach procedure chart.
b. pertinent information on the selected instrument approach procedure chart.
c. pre-approach briefing and checklist
d. selection, tuning, identification, and determination of operational status of ground and aircraft navigation equipment.
e. radio communications with ATC and compliance with ATC clearances and procedures.
f. appropriate aircraft configuration, airspeed, and checklist items.
g. adjustments applied to the published MDA and visibility criteria for the aircraft approach category.
h. maintenance of altitude, airspeed, and track
i. establishment and maintenance of an appropriate rate of descent during the final approach segment.
j. factors that should be considered in determining whether:
(1) the approach should be continued straight-in to a landing;
(2) a circling approach to a landing should be made; or
(3) a missed approach should be performed.

k. conditions requiring a missed approach, circling approach, or straight in landing

If Missed
a. initiation of the missed approach, including the prompt application of power, establishment of a climb attitude, reduction of drag, and TRIM.
b. required report to ATC
c. compliance with the published or alternate missed approach procedure.
d. notification of ATC if the aircraft is unable to comply with a clearance, restriction, or climb gradient.
e. performance of recommended checklist items appropriate to the go-around procedure.

If Circling
a. circling approach minimums on the selected instrument approach procedure chart.
b. compliance with advisories, instructions, and restrictions.
c. importance of flying a circling approach pattern that does not exceed the published visibility criteria.
d. selection of the appropriate circling approach maneuver considering the maneuvering capabilities of the aircraft.
e. circling approach minimums on the selected instrument approach procedure chart.

If Landing:
a. effect of specific environmental, operational, and meteorological factors.
b. transition to, and maintenance of, a visual flight condition.
c. adherence to ATC advisories, such as NOTAM's, wind shear, wake turbulence, runway surface, and braking conditions.

l. completion of appropriate checklist items.
m. importance and maintenance of positive aircraft control.

NDB
VOR
VOR-DME/VORTAC
DME ARC
LOC
LOC-BC
GPS/LORAN

Schedule:
Ground Discussion	2:00
Simulator Practice	3:00
Aircraft Practice	4:00

Equipment:
Gene's Text	Drawing Surface and Marking Utensil

Instructor's Actions:	Student's Actions:
Discuss Objective Give Ground Instruction Pose Questions Answer student questions Evaluate student learning. Monitor student practice in simulator and aircraft	Discuss lesson objective. Reviews homework Listens and takes notes. Ask pertinent questions. Answers questions posed by instructor. Completes assigned homework.

Completion Standards:

This lesson is complete when the student demonstrates an understanding of and can correlate knowledge to properly perform non-precision approaches either full or partial panel within 20 feet, 2 degree, 2 knots, and 2 dots.

References:
FAA-H-8083-15	AIM	Gene's Text
IFR PTS	TERPs	Jeppesen Approach Charts

Things to Remember:

Checklists:
ATIS - Do I have it?
Altimeter - Set
Airspeed - Configure: Approach A/S, Flaps, Trim
Avionics - Mag Compass, HSI, DG, Radios
Approach:
How High?
How Long?
Which Way?
No FLAGS?
Crossing Altitude?

GUMPS

2 Questions Crossing a Fix:
Next Altitude?
Next Fix?

If student is having difficulties, either instructor has not conveyed procedure or student's reactions are not set

If Heading and Altitude is off, overcorrecting caused by slow scan

pitch in same direction of glideslope and roll in same direction of localizer

15 items before GPS Approach

Last Updated: July 04, 2001

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