| Approach and Landing Tests | 1985 - 1986 | 1991 - 1992 | 1995 - 1996 | 1999 - 2010 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1981 - 1984 | 1988 - 1990 | 1993 - 1994 | 1997 - 1998 | Backups |
| Flight | Launch | Landing | Name | Country | Position | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| STS-51C (DOD) |
January 24, 1985 (19:50 GMT) |
January 27, 1985 (21:23 GMT) |
Thomas Mattingly | USA | M | Commander |
| Loren Shriver | USA | M | Pilot | |||
| Ellison Onizuka | USA | M | Mission Specialist 1 | |||
| Discovery (3rd Mission) |
James Buchli | USA | M | Mission Specialist 2 | ||
| Gary Payton | USA | M | Payload Specialist 1 | |||
|
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| STS-51D (Anik C-1) (SYNCOM IV-3) |
April 12, 1985 (13:59 GMT) |
April 19, 1985 (13:54 GMT) |
Karol Bobko | USA | M | Commander |
| Donald Williams | USA | M | Pilot | |||
| Margaret Rhea Seddon | USA | F | Mission Specialist 1 | |||
| David Griggs | USA | M | Mission Specialist 2 | |||
| Discovery (4th Mission) |
Jeffrey Hoffman | USA | M | Mission Specialist 3 | ||
| Senator E.J. "Jake" Garn | USA | M | Payload Specialist 1 | |||
| Charles Walker | USA | M | Payload Specialist 2 | |||
|
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| STS-51B (SL-3) |
April 29, 1985 (16:02 GMT) |
May 6, 1985 (16:11 GMT) |
Robert Overmyer | USA | M | Commander |
| Frederick Gregory | USA | M | Pilot | |||
| Donald Lind | USA | M | Mission Specialist 1 | |||
| Norman Thagard | USA | M | Mission Specialist 2 | |||
| Challenger (7th Mission) |
William Thornton | USA | M | Mission Specialist 3 | ||
| Taylor Wang | USA | M | Payload Specialist 1 | |||
| Lodewijk van den Berg | USA | M | Payload Specialist 2 | |||
|
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| STS-51G (Arabsat 1B) (Telstar 3D) (Morelos-A) (Spartan 1) |
June 17, 1985 (11:33 GMT) |
June 24, 1985 (13:11 GMT) |
Daniel Brandenstein | USA | M | Commander |
| John Creighton | USA | M | Pilot | |||
| John Fabian | USA | M | Mission Specialist 1 | |||
| Steven Nagel | USA | M | Mission Specialist 2 | |||
| Shannon Lucid | USA | F | Mission Specialist 3 | |||
| Discovery (5th Mission) |
Patrick Baudry | France | M | Payload Specialist 1 | ||
| Sultan Salman Al-Saud | Saudi Arabia | M | Payload Specialist 2 | |||
|
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| STS-51F (SL-2) |
July 29, 1985 (21:00 GMT) |
August 6, 1985 (19:45 GMT) |
Gordon Fullerton | USA | M | Commander |
| Roy Bridges | USA | M | Pilot | |||
| Karl Henize | USA | M | Mission Specialist 1 | |||
| Story Musgrave | USA | M | Mission Specialist 2 | |||
| Challenger (8th Mission) |
Anthony England | USA | M | Mission Specialist 3 | ||
| Loren Acton | USA | M | Payload Specialist 1 | |||
| John-David Bartoe | USA | M | Payload Specialist 2 | |||
|
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| STS-51I (AUSSAT 1) (ASC 1) (SYNCOM IV-4) (SYNCOM IV-3 Repair) |
August 27, 1985 (10:58 GMT) |
September 3, 1985 (13:15 GMT) |
Joseph Engle | USA | M | Commander |
| Richard Covey | USA | M | Pilot | |||
| James van Hoften | USA | M | Mission Specialist 1 | |||
| Discovery (6th Mission) |
John Michael Lounge | USA | M | Mission Specialist 2 | ||
| William Fisher | USA | M | Mission Specialist 3 | |||
|
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| STS-51J (DOD) |
October 3, 1985 (15:15 GMT) |
October 7, 1985 (17:00 GMT) |
Karol Bobko | USA | M | Commander |
| Ronald Grabe | USA | M | Pilot | |||
| Robert Stewart | USA | M | Mission Specialist 1 | |||
| Atlantis (1st Mission) |
David Hilmers | USA | M | Mission Specialist 2 | ||
| William Pailes | USA | M | Payload Specialist 1 | |||
|
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| STS-61A (SL-D1) |
October 30, 1985 (17:00 GMT) |
November 6, 1985 (17:44 GMT) |
Henry Hartsfield | USA | M | Commander |
| Steven Nagel | USA | M | Pilot | |||
| James Buchli | USA | M | Mission Specialist 1 | |||
| Guion Bluford | USA | M | Mission Specialist 2 | |||
| Bonnie Dunbar | USA | F | Mission Specialist 3 | |||
| Challenger (9th Mission) |
Reinhard Furrer | Germany | M | Payload Specialist 1 | ||
| Ernst Messerschmid | Germany | M | Payload Specialist 2 | |||
| Wubbo Ockels | Netherlands | M | Payload Specialist 3 | |||
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| STS-61B (Morelos-B) (AUSSAT 2) (RCA SATCOM Ku-2) |
November 27, 1985 (00:29 GMT) |
December 3, 1985 (21:33 GMT) |
Brewster Shaw | USA | M | Commander |
| Bryan O'Connor | USA | M | Pilot | |||
| Sherwood Spring | USA | M | Mission Specialist 1 | |||
| Mary Cleave | USA | F | Mission Specialist 2 | |||
| Atlantis (2nd Mission) |
Jerry Ross | USA | M | Mission Specialist 3 | ||
| Charles Walker | USA | M | Payload Specialist 1 | |||
| Rodolfo Neri-Vela | Mexico | M | Payload Specialist 2 | |||
|
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| STS-61C (RCA SATCOM Ku-1) |
January 12, 1986 (11:55 GMT) |
January 18, 1986 (13:58 GMT) |
Robert Gibson | USA | M | Commander |
| Charles Bolden | USA | M | Pilot | |||
| George Nelson | USA | M | Mission Specialist 1 | |||
| Steven Hawley | USA | M | Mission Specialist 2 | |||
| Columbia (7th Mission) |
Franklin Chang-Diaz | USA | M | Mission Specialist 3 | ||
| Congressman Bill Nelson | USA | M | Payload Specialist 1 | |||
| Robert Cenker | USA | M | Payload Specialist 2 | |||
|
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| STS-51L (TDRS-B) (Spartan 203/Halley) |
January 28, 1986 (16:38 GMT) The crew and vehicle were lost in an explosion at 73 seconds after liftoff. |
Francis Scobee | USA | M | Commander | |
| Michael Smith | USA | M | Pilot | |||
| Ellison Onizuka | USA | M | Mission Specialist 1 | |||
| Judith Resnik | USA | F | Mission Specialist 2 | |||
| Challenger (10th & Final Mission) |
Ronald McNair | USA | M | Mission Specialist 3 | ||
| Gregory Jarvis | USA | M | Payload Specialist 1 | |||
| Sharon Christa McAuliffe | USA | F | Payload Specialist 2 | |||
| International Astronauts | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Flight Name | Country Involved | Crew Member | Backup Crew Member |
| STS-51G | France | Patrick Baudry | Jean-Loup Chrétien |
| Saudi Arabia | Sultan Salman Al-Saud | Abdulmohsen Al-Bassam | |
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| STS-61A | Germany | Reinhard Furrer | Ulf Merbold |
| Germany | Ernst Messerschmid | Claude Nicollier | |
| Netherlands | Wubbo Ockels | - | |
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| STS-61B | Mexico | Rodolfo Neri-Vela | Ricardo Peralta-y-Fabi |
| Approach and Landing Tests | 1985 - 1986 | 1991 - 1992 | 1995 - 1996 | 1999 - 2010 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1981 - 1984 | 1988 - 1990 | 1993 - 1994 | 1997 - 1998 | Backups |
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Updated - October 10, 2006