REVOLUTION  IN  COMMON  SENSE

OR

QUANTUM  METAPHYSICS


Quantum Metaphysics

© Copyright, 1991, Joachim E. Wolf
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Quantum Metaphysics


ABSTRACT

This paper postulates a multidimensional model of the universe,

based on recent developments in physics and biology.We cannot

see the multidimensional reality because our senses are limited

to three dimensions, yet the higher-dimensional environment has

a more substantial reality than our world. This is so because

our three-dimensional world is only a subset of the

multidimensional system. An interrelated set of holistic

principles is developed. The multidimensional world is

then explored with this holistic logic system. This leads to

common-sense interpretations of quantum physics effects and

provides plausible answers to many unresolved questions,such

as the whole versus parts problem, mind-body interaction, the

inner structure of the human psyche, the beginning of life, and

the creative nature of evolution. Other logical conclusions

lead naturally to key tenets of world religions.

pg. 1

1. INTRODUCTION

Our common sense is not a reliable basis for correct judgements.

here is no common sense on which all people agree. With time,

major shifts occur in what people believe to be true, resulting

in revolutionary changes in society. Such a shift is now under

way. Scientists are talking about an impending "paradigm shift"

1)(2)(3), and free thinkers are anticipating a "New Age".

while most scientific people tend to spurn New Age ideas, it can

be shown that both developments are aspects of the same basic

change in human perception of reality.

his paper examines the basis for this revolution, a revolution

that will change our lives profoundly. When we understand its

underlying cause, we can reduce the growing pains involved and

enjoy a better life. One does not have to be a scientist to

understand the issues involved. What is required, is an open

mind, to let go of deeply seated prejudices about the nature of

reality. In this regard, a person steeped in contemporary

scientific thought may even have a disadvantage, since he or she

has spent a lifetime working in a cultural environment where

certain unorthodox thoughts tend to be greeted with derision.

We are not talking about disputing true scientific facts, it is

the interpretation of these facts that is up for discussion.

Through habitual repetition, interpretations are often accepted

as if they were facts, and it is difficult to detect the difference.

Perhaps the most pervasive unproven scientific belief is that

our minds are the crowning outgrowth of physical matter, that

material came first, and that mind evolved out of it. The

dramatic successes of physical sciences, and the resulting

technology, can easily mislead us to this conclusion. However,

physical sciences are by definition aimed at the physical world,

and to generalize their views beyond physical reality is

scientifically not justified.

This paper attempts to interpret the findings of quantum physics

and other relevant scientific information. The logical

conclusion is that mind is the basis of our reality, and matter

evolves from it, not the other way around. A holistic logic

system is postulated that unifies seemingly disparate concepts

of physical science, psychology, philosophy, and religion.

2. LIMITATIONS OF COMMON SENSE

SPACE-TIME

In our three-dimensional (3-D) space, we have three "degrees of

freedom" to move. We see objects that occupy space exclusive of

each other. We also experience time, as a stream of sequential

pg. 2

events, only one of which is real in the present. According to

Albert Einstein's theory of relativity, our concepts of space

and time do not agree with actual reality. Our

three-dimensional space and our one-dimensional time are

actually two aspects of a four-dimensional "superspace", mostly

called "space-time". Our senses do not perceive space-time

directly (4), but its existence is well verified through decades

of experiments. In addition to Einstein's relativity theory,

modern physics is based on quantum theory, developed by famous

physicists such as Heisenberg, Schroedinger, Bohr, and Dirac.

Relativity theory focuses mainly on the macro world of outer

space, quantum theory on the micro world of the atom and its

subatomic particles. As relativity theory, quantum physics also

assumes a four-dimensional space in which our 3-D space and time

are blended together (5)(6).

David Bohm, the prominent theoretical physicist at the

University of London, and an associate of Einstein, thinks of

space and time as projections from a higher-dimensional reality

(7). In this more fundamental type of reality, the distinction

that we make between our 3-D space and time is meaningless (8).

Professor Stephen W. Hawking, one of the most prominent

physicists of our age, states: "We must accept that time is not

completely separate from and independent of space, but is

combined with it to form an object called space-time." Also: "In

reality, there is no real distinction between the space and time

coordinates, just as there is no real difference between any two

space coordinates" (9). Fritjof Capra describes the difficulty

faced by us to form an intuitive picture of the four-dimensional

space-time. This applies also to the physicists who have worked

with it for decades and are thoroughly familiar with its

mathematical formalism (10). To our common sense, such a

superspace seems impossible to visualize. Yet we have to get

used to the idea that it exists, and that we are living in it, here and now.

The German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) devoted much of

his life to the study of epistemology. He concluded that our

way of seeing the world in 3-D space and time is only a human

characteristic, not a characteristic of true reality. We

interpret the true "thing-in-itself" in terms of space and time,

but we do not perceive it directly. "Space and time are not

realities or things existing for themselves, nor are they

qualities or relations belonging to things as such. They are

ways our sensibility has of apprehending objects . . ."

(11)(12). Kant's writings are difficult to follow, but the

message is clear: don't think that your common sense of space

and time gives you a true picture of reality. The German

philosopher Gottfried W. Leibniz made similar observations earlier (13).

pg. 3

ENERGY-MASS

Another one of Albert Einstein's conclusions is his famous E=mc2

formula. It states that the mass 'm' of a physical body can be

converted into energy 'E' and vice versa. Mass, to our common

sense, has inertia. It is characteristic of bodies that occupy

space, such as billiard balls. In contrast, energy is

invisible. We sense it only by its effects on physical objects,

such as acceleration, heat, and sound. The fact that energy and

mass are really different versions of the same thing is

difficult for us to visualize, although by now we have become used to the idea.

WAVE-PARTICLE

Physicists have established without any doubt that light

manifests itself as two different forms in our world. Depending

on the circumstances, it appears either as electromagnetic

waves, similar to radio waves, or as a stream of physical

particles, like microscopic buck shot, called "quanta" or

"photons" (14). The photons have masses, specific locations and

mutually exclusive expansions in 3-D space. On the other hand,

electromagnetic waves are a form of energy, extending in space

and time as fields that can penetrate each other.

For decades, even centuries, physicists have debated how these

two seemingly contradictory forms of light can be reconciled.

Now both views are accepted as valid, and scientists use either

one or the other, depending on the situation (15). The two

disparate, seemingly irreconcilable forms of light represent the

same thing. In fact, this dual nature is not just a

characteristic of electromagnetic radiation, but also of

subatomic particles, the building blocks of matter, such as

electrons and protons (16). Again, our common sense tells us

that one and the same thing cannot have so diametrically

opposite natures, yet there is no doubt about it.

TWIN PARTICLES

The most dramatic and ultimate proof of quantum theory is the

Aspect experiment, named after the French quantum physicist

Alain Aspect. In 1982, he and his research team implemented

successfully the test that had been long in the making, starting

with a thought experiment suggested by Einstein (17)(18)(19).

Very simplified, Aspect and his colleagues created two photons

from the same quantum event and observed them as they speeded

into opposite directions. After they had travelled some

distance with the speed of light, the researchers changed the

polarization for only one of them. (Polarization is the

orientation of the wave that corresponds to each photon.) As a

result, the other photon instantaneously adopted the same

polarization, even though the two were far apart. Relativity

theory tells us that nothing can travel faster than light. So

pg. 4

nothing could have caught up with the photons after they had

departed. Yet, there is this instantaneous mysterious

communication between them. They are somehow connected in a

realm that is beyond our common sense, although they appear separated in our world.

MIND-BODY

In addition to the physics examples, we are all familiar with

the Mind-Body dual. It is known as the "psychophysical" problem

and has been concisely formulated by the French philosopher and

mathematician Rene Descartes in his "Meditations", published in

1641 (20). Descartes observed that the world consists of two

basically different substances: mind and matter. Matter

occupies 3-D space, mind does not. He could not explain

satisfactorily how these two substances, mind and matter,

interact, other than through God's intercession. To this day,

scientists are debating this problem. We know that each one of

us is one individual. Yet our common sense cannot tell us how

our two different constituent parts, mind and body, function

together. This is similar to our inability to visualize the 4-D

whole of space and time.

The resolution of this problem was already suggested by Benedict

Spinoza (1632-1677) (21). He saw mind and body as two

attributes of the same substance, "processes of one and the same

thing expressed in two different ways" (22). Still it is

difficult to understand why he thought that "these attributes

are absolutely independent of one another and cannot influence

each other: mind cannot produce changes in body nor the body

changes in mind," as stated in F. Thilly's History of Philosophy (23).

THE THRESHOLD

The five examples mentioned above mark a line between what is

included in our common sense and what is not. Our common sense

can visualize each of the five pairs. But we cannot visualize

their wholes that combine them. George W.F. Hegel (1770-1831)

explained how for each pair of thesis and antithesis there

exists a synthesis, a whole that transcends the two opposing

parts (24). Our problem is that our common sense cannot see or

visualize the wholes that transcend our 3-D world. The reason

is that our five senses are three-dimensional in nature and thus

are limited to perceiving 3-D reality.

Our scientists have discovered a reality that transcends our

physical existence. It is not that reality is divided into two

realms. It is that human consciousness is able to grasp only so

much of the total reality, the rest exceeds our capacity to

comprehend. As a result, we experience our reality as a

multitude of phenomena, like not seeing the forest for the

pg. 5

trees. The threshold of our common sense, really of our

conscious mind, is therefore not a hard and fast limitation, it

is subject to evolution. Accepting this is a necessary

evolutionary step. The present situation is similar to the one

in the 17th century when mankind realized that the earth is not

the center of the universe. Today it is a matter of common

sense that the earth rotates around the sun, and that even the

sun is only a speck in a vast cosmos of an untold number of

galaxies. We are now facing again a new dramatic paradigm

shift. This time, the entire physical 3-D cosmos will be

delegated to the outskirts of a far vaster invisible

multidimensional universe with an untold number of worlds.

3. THE KEY CONCEPTS

MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS

We can overcome the threshold of common sense outlined above

with two interrelated concepts. One is that true reality has

more dimensions than three. The other is a full understanding

of the relationship between a whole and its constituent parts.

In this section we will discuss the first point,

multidimensional space, which we shall call "M-D space". We

have only mentioned 4-D space so far, but once one accepts the

idea that reality is not limited to three dimensions, then there

is no logical reason to assume that it is limited to four or any

other number. Also, physicists are reaching to ever higher

dimensional spaces to consolidate existing theories into a

"unified physics" (25)(26). For decades physicists have

predicted accurately quantum physics events using mathematics

with hundreds of dimensions. They have become used to the

successful application of M-D calculations without seeing any

significance beyond that. This, incidentally, was exactly what

Copernicus told his Church superiors about his mathematical

description of the solar system that delegated the earth away

from the center of the universe.

Although we can not experience M-D environments directly, the

great enlightened religious leaders and mystics must have been

able to do so (27). For Buddhism and Hinduism, specifically

Yoga, the primary goal is to attain an ever more transcendent

state of mind, and to perceive directly higher dimensional

realities. In contrast, the Western World has pursued the

development of rational thought. It allows us to understand the

laws that govern reality, without perceiving the reality

directly. So we understand for instance that the earth rotates

around the sun, although we cannot see this directly. In the

same manner it is possible to penetrate M-D reality. We can

learn to understand it, though we cannot perceive it directly.

The following sections of this paper will provide an

introduction to this understanding.

pg. 6

At the beginning of the 20th century a little book titled

"Flatland" was published by Edwin Abbott Abbott. It may have

been the first attempt to visualize transitions between spaces

with different numbers of dimensions. Abbott described in

humorous detail a world of creatures who live in 2-D space.

They have no third dimension, as we do. Their world is confined

to a two-dimensional surface, such as a sheet of paper without

any thickness. For our discussion we shall modify Abbott's

story. We shall assume that these creatures have the shape of

circular discs with zero thickness, and with a "nose", so that

we know which way they are facing (Fig.1). Let us name them

"2Ds". Being totally flat, and sensing only 2-D objects, our

2Ds don't believe in the existence of a third dimension. Any 2D

oddball who would express such thought would be ridiculed,

because everybody knows of course, that 2-D space is the only

reality there is. If any of us 3-D people would touch their

surface world with our fingers, the 2Ds would see another disc.

They would interpret it as a fellow occupant of their world.

They may call it elephant, or whatever. If they see it the

first time, they think that they have discovered a new species.

The 2Ds do not see the fingerprint pattern, because to them it

would resemble the inner organs of the elephant. If we touch

the 2-D world with the five fingers of one hand, the 2Ds would

see five animals, perhaps they would call our thumb print

Rhinoceros.

Graphics are available under file MULTIX.GIF

(X = 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5).

2-D World

Figure 1. 2-D world.

Sphere penetrating 2-D World

Figure 2. Sphere penetrating 2-D world.

If we penetrate the plane with a billiard ball, moving it

through the plane until it leaves on the other side, the 2Ds

would experience the birth, growth, declination, and death of

some phenomenon that constantly changes its size (Fig.2). The

2D population has some philosophers who believe that this

phenomenon did not really die, that it continues to exist in

some mysterious realm that they call 'spiritual', without having

any visible evidence of this in their 2-D world. But most 2Ds

follow the prevailing paradigm of scientific materialism and

ignore such unscientific notions.

Now let us cut a nail into small pieces. We get little

cylinders that we throw on the 2-D plane (Fig.3). Some

cylinders land on their side, the others on their ends. This

event creates great excitement among the 2D scientists. They

investigate this matter and observe that two different kinds of

bodies have appeared in their world, some are circles, the

others are rods. This is, of course, because the cylinder ends

pg. 7

show up in their plane as circles, and the cylinder sides as

rods. Further research by the 2D scientists leads to their

discovery that it is possible to convert circles into rods and

vice versa, by colliding them against each other. From our 3-D

world we see that some cylinders are being tipped over on their

sides and vice versa. The 2D scientists are agonizing about

this puzzle for decades. Finally they are forced to assume that

the circles and rods are really the same thing that exists in

some 'nonmaterial' form, meaning their wholes do not exist in

their 2-D space. The 2Ds postulate that there must be a 3-D

reality that transcends their world. Sound familiar?

3D cylinders seen from the 2-D world

Figure 3. 3-D cylinders seen from the 2-D world.

David Bohm has suggested another analogy that describes the

quan-tum physics duals (28)(29). Supposed one observes a fish

tank with two TV cameras. One camera views the tank from the

front, the other from the side. Two TV monitors placed side by

side display the two images. A fish facing the front appears

different on one monitor compared with the other. A child too

young to understand the setup, will not even realize that the

two images come from the same fish. In this analogy, as in the

previous one, two separate 2-D aspects of a 3-D object are

observed, and the observer is challenged to form a mental image

of the 3-D object. In the same manner we are challenged to

imag-ine M-D objects of which we see 3-D aspects in our world.

Plato in his famous cave allegory (30) compared the appearances

of our world with shadows that are thrown on a cave wall by the

real things. We as cave dwellers cannot see the real objects

because we cannot look in their direction. We see only the 2-D

shadows of the invisible 3-D bodies, creating the illusion that

the shadows are the real thing.

In our attempt to understand M-D space, it is probably

misleading to assume that the additional dimensions must be

geometrically perpendicular to our three space dimensions. Our

3-D space is probably meaningless in an M-D environment, and

geometric right angles between dimensions have only symbolic

meaning. The term "degrees of freedom" describes the situation

better, meaning possible directions of development that do not

coincide with existing directions. Perhaps it is better to

imagine how our thoughts can take off in directions that have

nothing to do with space and time. We are talking about

expanding our consciousness, so thoughts are a suitable subject to contemplate.

pg. 8

THE WHOLE AND ITS PARTS: THE HOLON

To simplify our discussions, we define the term "order" to mean

an environment with a given number of dimensions. A plane has

an order of two. A higher order has more dimensions than a

lower order. The term "transcendent" means "to be of a higher

order" or "to have more integrated dimensions" (See Glossary).

The preceding analogies demonstrated transitions between lower

and higher orders. Simultaneously they provided transitions

between visible aspects and their transcendent invisible

objects. In the same way we are trying to induce the integrated

4-D space-time environment from its aspects: 3-D space and time.

From the observations of waves and particles, we want to

transcend to understand the quanta from which they areprojected, and so on.

The key to this process is a thorough understanding of the

relationship between a whole and its constituent parts. This is

an age-old problem that was already debated vigorously between

Plato and Aristotle. Plato postulated that the phenomena of our

world are only aspects, shadows of invisible real things that he

called "eidos" (31). Aristotle instead believed that the

phenomena of our world are the real things, and that Plato's

eidos were abstractions that lacked true reality in themselves

(32). This debate flared up off and on throughout the history

of the Western World, and it is not fully resolved yet. This

paper attempts to do so, based on our understanding of different

dimensional spaces and transitions between them.

Imagine a cut crystal, say a diamond, and consider only its

form, ignoring its material (Fig.4). The form represents a

whole, while the planes of the crystal envelope are the

constituent parts of the whole form. With this we can easily

make several observations. They will be very useful for

transitions between 3-D and M-D to be discussed later. We shall

call these observations "holon principles" and give each of them

an alphanumeric number HP1, HP2, etc.. The term "holon" was

suggested by Arthur Koestler for the composite of a whole and

its constituent parts (33). We shall discuss later whether the

holon principles derived from this simple example are universally valid

Crystal form

Figure 4. Crystal form.

HOLON PRINCIPLES

HP1. *The whole has more dimensions than each of its constituent parts.*

In our simple example, the whole crystal form has three, the parts only two dimensions.

pg. 9

HP2. *Each part is an aspect of the whole, seen from a lower order.*

When we put our mind into the frame of the 2-D order, then we

perceive each plane as a separate, individual part.

HP3. *The whole encompasses all its parts.*

The 3-D crystal form encompasses all its 2-D side planes.

HP4. *The whole is invisible from the orders of its parts.*

To the 2Ds, the whole crystal is not visible, because they do

not perceive 3-D space. They don't even know about the

existence of their fellow 2Ds in the other planes of the crystal.

HP5. *The whole is an undivided and homogeneous entity, while its

parts appear as separate individual entities in their order.*

The 3-D space within the whole crystal form is continuous and

homogeneous. In contrast, the parts exist as discrete 2-D entities.

HP6. *The whole and its parts are one and the same, viewed from

different dimensional orders.*

From the 3-D point of view, we see the whole crystal, and we

consider its surfaces as mere aspects of the same thing. From a

2-D point of view, we have discrete, individual planes. Another

analogy for HP6 is David Bohm's fish-tank with TV cameras. The

important point in holistic thinking is to distinguish carefully

between observations made from different orders.

HP7. *Both the whole and its parts are real, but the whole has a

more profound reality.*

There should be no disagreement that a 3-D form is more

profound than a 2-D plane.

HP8. *The parts are wholes in their own right at a lower order.*

Each plane is an entity of its own in the 2-D order. In turn,

the lines are 1-D aspects of the 2-D planes, yet they are

entities in their own right within the 1-D order. And so are the

points aspects of the lines, but they can also be seen as

entities in their 0-D order.

HP9. *The whole is immanent in each of its parts.*

Our 2-D creature analogy is more representative if we picture

the 2Ds as crosscuts of billiard balls, as figure 2 shows. They

still have 2-D "bodies", but their real self is invisible to

them in 3-D space, as ours is for us in M-D space. Asked about

the location of their real selves, they would say that they are

inside their bodies but transcendent to them. The term used

for inside while simultaneously transcendent is "immanent".

HP10. *A change of any part goes simultaneously with a change of

the whole, and a change of the whole goes with changes in its parts.*

A change of any crystal plane goes with a change of the whole

crystal form, including other planes. One has to be careful

pg. 10

here not to assume too easily a cause and effect relationship.

From the lower-order environment of the parts we might conclude

that one part pushes its adjacent parts around, causing them to

change. But, viewed from the higher dimensional order of the

whole, the whole is undergoing a change that is reflected in its

aspect-parts, perhaps without us being able to say where the

change originates. From the whole's point of view, there is no

difference between the whole and its parts (HP6). It makes no

sense to differentiate between a cause coming from a part or the

whole. For instance, when faced with the problem of fitting a

crystal into a non-yielding mounting, it makes no difference

whether one changes the length of lines, the shape of planes, or

the form of the crystal. All goes together simultaneously.

More will be said about causality within a holon in section 4.

It is very important to understand how change is transmitted

within a holon. Suppose one part changes in some way. This is

associated with a corresponding change of the whole. Now, since

the whole is immanent in all its parts, they are all affected,

their inner disposition is changed, affecting their future trend.

The communication between the parts via the whole occurs because

the whole is homogeneous, undivided.

HP11. *It is impossible to perceive simultaneously more than one

aspect of a whole undistorted from a lower order.*

Assume that we take a photo of a crystal, with the camera film

parallel to one of its planes. Only this plane appears with its

correct shape on the photo, all other aspects appear either

distorted or not at all. The 2-D photo is in a lower order than the 3-D crystal.

HP12. *The holon principles 1 through 11 apply to all dimensional

orders.* The reader may want to verify each holon principle for the

case that the crystal planes are the wholes and the lines their

parts. Then repeat the same for the lines as wholes and the

points their parts. (Note that points can change only their

positions). Having established that the principles are valid for

all three transitions from 0-D through 3-D, the best assumption

we can make is that they are also valid for all higher

dimensional orders. HP12 is postulated as a reasonable hypothesis.

HP13. *The holon principles 1-12 are aspects of one master holon principle.*

The holon can be experienced directly, without passing

sequentially through the principles 1-12 one at a time. This

writer had this experience spontaneously as a young person. It

was impossible to describe the holon directly without braking it

down into discrete, individual principles. Even then, something

is still missing: the homogeneity, the depth, the integrity, the

vitality of the holon. The holon principles are an interrelated

group. A mathematician might be able to formulate a single

expression for the holon, from which the individual holon

pg. 11

principles can be derived. We shall apply the holon principles

as a "holistic logic" to research the M-D reality.

HOLON EXAMPLES

The holon principles have been stated above using only one

simple example. Other examples are those listed in section 2

for the discussion of common sense limitations. Each pair of

space-time, energy-mass, etc. forms a holon with its respective

whole. As far as this writer can determine, each pair fulfills

the cited holon principles, subject to verification by

physicists and psychologists, thus extending the validity of the

HP's to four dimensions.

An example for holon principle (HP11) is the Heisenberg

uncertainty principle, an important cornerstone of quantum

physics (34)(35)(36)(37). It states (in one of its versions)

that it is impossible to measure both the position and the

momentum of an electron simultaneously. (The momentum is a

measure of motion). Assuming that the electron exists in

a higher order than 3-D, holon principle HP11 makes this same

statement. It appears that the Heisenberg principle is a

special case of holon principle HP11.

The holon principles provide a plausible explanation for the

so-called double-slot experiment that has puzzled quantum

physicists. The experiment is well described in popular

literature (38)(39). We will explain it here highly simplified.

An electron gun shoots electrons against a target screen at

some distance, similar to a rifle practice range. Now we place

a shield between the gun and the target screen. The shield has

two slots next to each other. We shoot only one electron at a

time towards the slots. If we cover one slot, the picture on

the target screen beyond shows the spot where one electron has

hit, as expected. The same thing happens if we cover the other

slot. However, if we leave both slots open, the target screen

shows a broad interference pattern from two electron waves that

come from both slots. We know that electrons can show up as

waves. The surprise is that we get two waves from a single

electron. How can a single electron go through two separated

slots simultaneously? It is like shooting a billiard ball into

two pockets simultaneously.

The answer suggested by holistic logic is that the electron is a

holon with its parts in our 3-D space, but its whole in 4-D

space. Using a 2-D/3-D analogy, suppose two persons observe a

low flying airplane through two widely separated holes in a

roof. As the plane passes in close proximity, both persons take

photos of it simultaneously. Each developed film shows the

airplane clearly and unmistakably. But, if we view both

negatives together, one on top of the other, there is

interference between the two images.

pg. 12

Similarly, the screen in the experiment shows clear pictures of

a single electron when viewed separately, but an interference

pattern when viewed simultaneously. As the airplane flies by in

the third dimension while we are watching it from two positions

on the 2-D ground, so the electron flies by in the 4th

dimension, while we are trying to figure out how it passes

through both slots arranged in 3-D space. We see only two

different aspects of the electron, not the electron itself.

True to holon principle HP11, no 3-D analogy can accurately

describe all aspects of a 4-D situation. The example does not

convey that the part and the whole are not separated (HP3, HP6),

as the photo and the airplane are. It ignores also that one can

change the whole by changing its part (HP10).

Another holon example may be seen in the colors of a rainbow,

which are integral parts of white light. When white light is

sent through a prism, it fans out into different beams of light

with the colors of the rainbow, from red through violet. White

light as a whole appears physiologically uniform and

homogeneous. In physics terms, it covers a certain frequency

range of electromagnetic waves. Its individual parts, the

perceived colors, have different frequencies and are enfolded in

the white light. If one sends the same colors back through the

prism in the opposite direction so that they merge properly, one

obtains pure white light again. In physiological terms, the

prism provides a transition from the whole (white) to its parts

(colors) and vice versa. White light has two degrees of

freedom: ranges of color and intensity. The individual colors

have only one degree of freedom left: a range of different

intensities. This example suggests also how quantum physicists

"collapse" quantum wave-packages from M-D space into particles

(40), as discussed later under Multiple Worlds, Section 4.

Other holon analogies can be taken from the field of

information. The words on this page represent holons with the

letters of which they are composed; so do the sentences with the

words as their parts, the sections with their sentences, and the

whole paper forms a holon with its sections. A symphony as a

whole transcends its parts, the melodies, and in turn the

melodies are holons with the notes in them. In visual arts, a

painting from a good artist expresses dimensions far beyond the

assembly of its colors on the canvas. One can distinguish the

quality of an art piece by the degree with which extra dimensions

are expressed through its constituent parts, be it with colors, marble

tones, or words. Thus some modern "works of art" that are produced

through an arbitrary mixing of elements cannot qualify as real art.

Another example of holons in communication are TV pictures. The

electrical signals thatappear in time sequence on the screen represent

the separate parts of the TV picture as a whole.

The reader may want to select his or her examples from the

infinite range of holons in our world, from subatomic particles

up to the myriad of galaxies (41). It is better not to start

pg. 13

with man-made holons, such as machines or organizations; they

often do not represent true holons. The following sections will

show how the holon principles lead logically and naturally to a

model of the universe that encompasses harmoniously the

seemingly conflicting world views of science and religion, of

Western and Eastern thought, of matter and mind.

4. THE HOLISTIC UNIVERSE

GROUP ENTITIES

The whole of humanity encompasses the characteristics and

capabilities of all humans (HP3). Holistic logic tells us that

the entity of humanity forms a holon with all humans. Therefore

we assume that a humanity-entity exists in M-D space, with much

superior reality and capability than ours. We cannot perceive

it, yet it is immanent in us. Humanity-entity includes all our

characteristics, therefore it has the characteristic of a single

individual that pursues its own interests. It is more

intelligent than the smartest people throughout history

combined. From its M-D environment, humankind-entity perceives

interrelationships and potentials that are impossible for us to

fathom. It is aware of our thoughts, because its consciousness

includes the consciousness of each human (HP3). As it

implements its decisions, it carries us along as we do the cells of our body.

This does not mean that we are not free as individuals. Moving

along with the humankind-entity is our inborn desire, because

the humanity-entity is immanent in us. The humanity-entity is

our very essence, our source, our root cause. Expressing it is

what we live for. It means unfoldment of our innermost

potentials. The desires of humanity are in our hearts. We want

what it wants, and we are free when we can do what we want.

From the humanity-entity's point of view, it and we are one and

the same (HP6). Humanity-entity's will is our inner drive.

That is unless we confuse some erroneous notions of ours with

the will of our real innermost self. (This is when we begin to

lose our freedom). One must distinguish between independence

and freedom. We depend on humankind-entity for our very

existence, yet we are totally free to express our own true

nature, which is the nature of humankind.

The conscious decisions of the humankind-entity dwell in us

unconsciously and we experience them as instinct, as impulses.

Thus, unless we have cluttered up our mind with wrong ideas, we

can trust our instincts and act spontaneously. Then we take

advantage of the superior knowledge and intelligence of our

inborn humankind-entity. It is like our fingers doing the

bidding of our will. They follow the impulses of our nervous

system, initiated by our decisions. We can say that they act

instinctively, on impulse, spontaneously. Their instincts are

aspects of our conscious decisions. They can trust their

pg. 14

instincts, because we are vitally interested in their welfare. We

can say the same for our own relationship with humanity-entity. This

does not absolve us from using our mind and do our best. Humanity-

entity depends on us, as we depend on our fingers to do their job.

A change in any human, for instance from experiences, goes with

a change in the humanity-entity (HP10), and since it is immanent

in all of us, we are all affected through our inner disposition,

the mind of humanity-entity. The transmission from one

individual to the others occurs because the humanity-entity is

undivided and homogenous (HP9). Such interchanges are more

pronounced for people who are closer to each other, because they

form M-D wholes on a more intimate scale. Because of our

immanent interdependence, we carry responsibility for others as

well as for us, whether we are aware of it or not. A drug

abuser hurts us all. On the other hand, positive efforts of a

few can elevate all society, even if their deeds are not known.

The concept of group entities is not new. As mentioned before,

Plato believed that transcendent forms exist from which the

multitude of appearances come into our world (42). The Swiss

psychologist Carl G. Jung (1875-1961) concluded that humans

share one collective unconscious that lies deeper than the

unconscious of each individual (43)(44)(45). He had observed a

surprising similarity between deeply seated ideas of widely

separated peoples. Similar basic concepts exist in the psyche

of all of us, revealed by recurring dreams and subconscious

ideas expressed spontaneously, without prior knowledge that they

are shared by others. Jung called these concepts "archetypes",

which can be seen as the unconscious images of our instincts.

Typical archetypes are "mother" and "hero". He stated: "To my

mind it is a fatal mistake to regard the human psyche as a

purely personal affair and to explain it exclusively from a

personal point of view. Such a mode of explanation is only

applicable to the individual in his ordinary everyday

occupations and relationships" (46). Sigmund Freud had voiced a

similar opinion: "I have taken as the basis of my whole position

the existence of a collective mind, in which mental processes

occur just as they do in the mind of the individual . . ."(47).

Carl Jung claimed that ancestral experiences accumulate as

archetypes in the collective subconscious of humankind.

Individuals "inherit" archetypal propensities much like Plato

saw appearances in our world come from transcendent "eidos". In

holistic logic terms, Jung's collective subconscious is the

consciousness of humanity-entity living in the M-D environment.

Biologists are used to viewing animal societies as entities,

especially colonies of insects such as bees, wasps, ants, and

termites. The British biologist Rupert Sheldrake has generated

much interest in this subject. He postulates the existence of

hidden, nonphysical forms beyond space and time that, he claims,

underlie biological phenomena. He calls them "Morphogenetic

Fields", or "M-Fields" (48)(49)(50). Sheldrake brings a

pg. 15

multitude of convincing examples for the existence of these

transcendent entities. He describes for instance how beehives

are organized with an intelligence that far exceeds the capacity

of any individual bee. Honeybees maintain the internal

temperature of their nests within 34.5 and 35.5 degrees from

spring through fall. They do this by carefully sealing off all

uncontrolled drafts and by warming the interiors with their body

heat by huddling together, more or less as needed. In hot

weather they carry water into their nest, spread it out, and

enhance its cooling evaporation by fanning air over the water

with their wings. Another example describes the mounds made by

compass termites in Australia. These tall mounds are very

narrow in the east-west direction, but broad in the north-south

direction. In this way they are least exposed to the sun at

noon, when its radiation is most intense.

Sheldrake also reports what appears like a mysterious

communication between members of a species. The communication

occurs although individuals are too much separated for direct

contact. He explains this phenomenon with what he calls

"Morphic Resonance". By this he means that individuals resonate

their information with the transcendent collective M-Fields,

which in turn resonates with other members, unimpeded by space

and time. Sheldrake's M-Fields have the character of our holon

principles. Morphic resonance is the same as holon principle HP10.

The most widely known anecdotal evidence of morphic resonance

type communication is the so-called "hundredth monkey effect".

The biologist Lyall Watson reported it in his 1970 book

"Lifetide" (51)(52). The event occurred on a Japanese island

where researchers had fed sweet potatoes to monkeys. For the

monkeys this was a new, unknown staple. They liked the

potatoes, but they did not like the beach sand that covered

them. One monkey started to wash the potatoes in the ocean

before eating. This also added a desirable salty taste. After

a certain number of monkeys had copied the technique, it was

suddenly and spontaneously practiced by the entire community, as

if a "critical mass" of potato-washing monkeys triggered this

behavior spontaneously in all their group members. Shortly

after that, monkeys on other islands practiced the same

procedure, although there was no communication between the islands.

Such mysterious communication was also observed under laboratory

conditions. Rats were put into a maze and had to find their way

out, and later generations did this task with successively

increasing speed. As more rats had become familiar with the

maze, even untrained, genetically unrelated rats showed higher learning speeds (53).

The M-Field effects have been observed even with inanimate

objects. Mineralogists know that crystals are often very

difficult to grow initially for a new substance. Once

pg. 16

accomplished, however, it can be repeated more and more easily,

even on other continents without any known reason (54,55).

Other M-Field examples include flocks of birds, migrating animal

herds, and schools of fish acting like single entities.

Sheldrake's hypothesis has been tested with positive results.

One test involved Japanese nursery rhymes. British and American

groups who could not speak Japanese were given two rhymes, a

traditional one known to virtually every Japanese, another

nonsensical one composed for the test. After chanting each of

them a given number of times, the old rhyme could be recalled

significantly better than the artificial one (56). Similar

tests were done with Hebrew and Persian words, with Russian

typewriter keyboards, and with the Morse code (57). Results

showed invariably that people who have never been exposed to the

correct versions can learn them much easier than the artificial equivalents.

David Bohm stated that "the energies involved in M-fields may be

very similar to the energies that allow subatomic particles to

communicate nonlocally, regardless of space and time," (58) and:

"on some level that is beyond ordinary subjective experience,

the human race may really be one organism" (59). Harvard

biologist Stephen Jay Gould and his collaborator, paleontologist

Niles Eldredge, propose to treat the whole of species as

analogous to individuals, so that the whole of the species homo

sapiens is considered an entity, as John Doe is an entity,

according to Briggs and Peat (60). F. Capra states: "We may say

that groups of people, societies, and cultures have a collective

mind, and therefore also possess a collective consciousness. We

also may follow Jung in the assumption that the collective mind,

or collective psyche, also includes a collective unconscious" (61).

With these collaborating comments, we shall assume that M-D

entities do indeed exist, more profoundly than the physical

appearances of its members, but invisible to us. Consequently,

Darwin's theory of evolution, even in its present "Neodarwinism"

version (62), would have to be revised. What is thought of as

natural selection through "survival of the fittest", is in

holistic reasoning the expression of the conscious will of the

species-entity that lives in M-D space. The selection of the

best genes from a "gene pool" explained by Neodarwinism is in

holistic terms a projection of M-D activity into our 3-D world

(refer to Causality, Sect.4). It is not that gene selection

does not occur, but it is influenced by the will of an M-D

entity as it appears in our 3-D world. To cite an analogy, we

can explain our body movements by the brain sending commands

through our nervous system, causing appropriate muscle

contractions. We also can say that our body moves because we

decided so. The anatomical explanation corresponds to the

evolution theory of gene selection. Our decision to move our

body corresponds to the species-entity's decision to evolve in a

certain direction. It is important to distinguish the order

pg. 17

levels from which observations are made (HP6). As the physicist

Paul Davies states in his article (63): "Orthodox Neodarwinism,

while correctly identifying the basic mechanism of evolutionary

change, fails to capture the organizational element that

generates the progressive arrow of time."

THE TOTAL SYSTEM

Multidimensional Pyramid

The holon priciples lead to the assumption that each animal

species has a group-entity that exists in an M-D environment.

We also must assume species-entities for the plants, and we

assume that physical matter is a projection from an M-D whole,

as modern physics suggests. Based on these assumptions, it is

logical that these group-entities are themselves parts of even

higher order wholes, forming holons of unimaginable greatness

and transcendence. One arrives at a single super M-D entity for

the planet earth, as some scientists suggest (64). Then there is

an M-D entity for our solar system, our galaxy, and so on.

Finally there is an ultimate entity that encompasses all that

exists, visible and invisible. We shall call it "All-Entity".

This view of the universe agrees with that of David Bohm, the

physicist mentioned before (Sect. 2). He makes the following

statements: "Physics has shown that the mechanistic order

doesn't fit experience" (65). Also: "the universe is an

undivided whole" (66). Bohm speaks of an "implicate order" and

an "explicate order" of the universe. The implicate order is

the invisible reality from which our visible reality, the

explicate order, emerges. He believes that life and

consciousness are part of the implicate order, and that they are

immanent in what we call inanimate matter.

Multiple Holons

Before we proceed with our journey into the M-D realm, it is

necessary to understand the relationship between multiple holons

that are stacked across several dimensional orders, where the

parts of one holon are the wholes of others, and so on. We

shall call the holon described in Section 3 a "simple holon".

It is useful to introduce the following two definitions.

a.) A "source-entity" is a whole at any dimensional order to

which a part belongs, regardless how many orders are in between.

A source-entity is like any ancestor, no matter how many generations ago.

b.) A "sub-entity" is any part that belongs to a source-entity,

regardless how many orders are in between, like a descendant

from any ancestor, no matter how many generations ago.

pg. 18

With these definitions, the following holon principles for

multiple order transitions can be formulated.

MULTIPLE HOLON PRINCIPLES

MHP1 *All holon principles for a simple holon apply also to multiple holons.*

For instance for HP1: if entity "A" has more dimensions than

"B", and "B" has more dimensions than "C", then "A" has more

dimensions than "C". MHP1 means that we can make statements

about wholes and parts without knowing how many orders are

between them. For instance, we can apply the holon principles

for the humankind-entity and individual humans without knowing

exactly the subdivisions in between, such as different races or

different psychological character types.

MPH2 *Any entity of a higher order is invisible to another

entity of a lower order.*

This has been stated already for the simple holon (HP4). For

the sake of completeness, MHP2 points out that all entities of a

higher order are invisible, not just the source-entity, because

they all have more dimensions. For instance we cannot directly

perceive the selves of other persons, as we cannot our own.

MHP3 *The differentiation and separation between sub-entities

increases with the number of orders between them and their source.*

This is because each additional dimension of a

source-entity provides an additional degree of freedom with

which parts can differ from each other. For instance, the

members of one human race-entity differ less from each other than all humans.

MHP4 *The source-entities of all orders are immanent in a sub-entitiy.*

This statement is equivalent to HP9, except that it includes

also all source entities of higher orders beyond the immediate

whole. The logical proof of this is similar to the one given

under MHP1. MHP4 says for instance that immanent in a person

are humanity-entity, earth-entity, All- Entity, and whatever

source-entities are in between (see "Human Psyche", this section.)

MHP5 *A source-entity has simultaneous and direct access to

all its sub-entities at all lower orders, without the need to

pass through the intermediate orders sequentially.*

This is because of its added dimension. For instance we can see

in a crystal form all points, lines, and planes simultaneously

because we perceive in 3-D, the third being the added dimension.

pg. 19

MHP6 *From a sub-entity's point of view, its source-entities

of progressively increasing orders appear stacked in asuccessive sequence.*

For a consciousness to proceed from a lower order to higher

orders, it appears necessary to pass successively from one order

to the next, because each higher order remains invisible before

every upward step. This is in contrast to MHP5, which allows

the source-entity to cross all lower orders in a single step.

MPH7 *Higher order source-entities are more deeply immanent.*

This statement amounts to a definition of "depth of immanence".

The more order levels exist between a source-entity and a

sub-entity, the more deeply immanent it is in an entity.

Psychologically this corresponds to the observation that the

humanity-entity is on a deeper subconscious level than the inner personal self.

MHP8 *Deeper levels of immanence correspond to lesser privacy.*

This is because the deeper immanent source-entity encompasses

more sub-entities. This principle seems to contradict

experience, because we tend to think that our most private

thoughts and feelings are most deeply immanent. But there is a

difference between individual and immanent thoughts. The deeper

the immanence, the more it is shared with others.

All-Entity

We can now make some definite statements about the nature of M-D

reality, beginning with All-Entity. All-Entity is the

source-entity of everything; all other entities in the universe

are Its sub-entities (HP3,MHP1). The entire universe is a holon

with All-Entity being the whole. All-Entity and Its parts are

one and the same, seen from different points of view (HP6).

All-Entity has an infinite number of degrees of freedom (HP1).

It includes in Itself all aspects, capabilities, and

potentials of everything that exists (HP3). For instance It has

all human aspects, but beyond these an infinite number of

others. All-Entity has no individuality, if we mean by

individuality to be different from others. There are no others

on that level to be different from. Being the source-entity of

everything alive, All-Entity is the very essence of life. It

transcends and resolves all differences between entities in the

universe (HP5). Thus All-Entity is ultimate harmony. Love is

harmony between living beings, therefore All-Entity is ultimate Love.

The lower the order from which All-Entity is viewed, the more It

appears differentiated into discrete individuals (MPH3). All

sub-entities, no matter what order, are equally close to

pg. 20

All-Entity (MHP5). The dimensions of All-Entity provide a

direct communication path even to the lowest entity. So, while

we are aspects of humankind, we are also direct aspects of

All-Entity. There is no danger of being blocked by some "middle

management" in between. Therefore an individual can influence

its entire species through a "divine spark".

Since All-Entity encompasses everything, Its consciousness is

aware of everything, including every thought and deed. Every

thought and every deed is a direct part of All-Entity. There

simply is no division between All-Entity and us (HP5). A whole

and its parts are one and the same, just seen from different

points of view (HP6). We cannot be separated from All-Entity.

The only separation we may feel is due to our limited minds, our

common sense. Since we cannot be separated from All-Entity, we

are immortal. We shed our body as a tree sheds its leaves.

Fear of death comes from excessive identification with physical

reality, from lack of M-D understanding. Being immersed in

All-Entity does not deprive us of our individuality. Any part

maintains its uniqueness though it is totally merged with its

whole. The different levels of dimensional orders make this possible (HP7&8).

All-Entity is the root source within us. It is the reason why

we must trust our inner strength, the reason why we are entitled

to self confidence, no matter what our station in life. Since

All-Entity, the essence of life and consciousness, is immanent

in everything, there is no "dead" matter. There is

consciousness in every atom. What we call dead matter appears

so to our senses because we cannot sense the life within it. We

know that the molecules, atoms, and subatomic parts are very

active indeed in their world. This activity must be regarded as

a form of life. Our American Indian friends have always been

closer to this kind of understanding. We have good reason to

appreciate their tradition that has kept these ideas alive.

David Bohm, the physicist mentioned before, says that life is

implicit in what we call inanimate matter (67)(68)(69).

Philosophers had made such statements in the past. G.W. Leibniz

claimed that the same principle of consciousness that expresses

itself in the mind of man is active in inanimate matter, in

plant, and animal (70). The valiant effort by scientists to

determine the beginning of life on earth appears futile from a

holistic point of view, because everything that exists is alive,

period. Also in M-D terms, there is no beginning, because there

is no time as we perceive it, to be discussed in the next section.

Since M-D reality is immanent in all appearances of our world,

people who believe that our physical world is the only reality

have a good reason to think so. One can point to objects and

claim that they represent all the reality there is, because all

reality is indeed immanent in them. There is no higher reality

outside our world, no "heaven" beyond outer space. One approach

to Yoga enlightenment is to concentrate on an object, perhaps a

pg. 21

flame, until one senses its inner reality, which eventually

turns out to be the inner reality of everything else. Another

approach is to concentrate on the present moment, because it

contains all reality. Every flower that emerges from its seed,

every birth of any kind, demonstrates the immanence of life.

The closest contact with the ultimate reality is within our

selves, as the great mystics of all ages have proclaimed (71).

Fritjof Capra, nuclear physicist in Vienna and publisher of

several books, draws compelling parallels between the findings

of modern physics and the religious philosophies of the East:

Hinduism, Buddhism, Chinese thought, Taoism, and Zen (72). He

writes for instance: "Modern physics leads us to a view of the

world that is very similar to the views held by mystics of all ages and traditions" (73).

The above statements fall logically and naturally from the holon

principles. Beyond abstract thoughts they can have a profound

effect on an individual. It is possible to have an experience

of total unity with the entire universe. This occurs apparently

to an increasing number of people. According to Dr. Joan

Borysenko, polls show a surprisingly high and increasing rate of

extraordinary psychological incidences (74). Thirtyfive percent

of the American public are said to have felt very close to a

powerful spiritual force that seemed to lift them out of

themselves. Five percent experienced being bathed in a

mysterious light, such as Apostle Paul on the way to Damascus.

Dr. Borysenko has a PhD. in cell biology from Harvard Medical

School and is president of Mind, Body Health Siences, Inc..

Spontaneous transcendental awakenings have been reported

throughout history (75). The Canadian physician Richard Maurice

Bucke, M.D., published a book in 1901, titled "Cosmic

Consciousness" (76). In it he describes elevated states of mind

and brings fifty examples of specific personalities. Bucke

assumed that humankind is at the verge of developing a new kind

of consciousness, because he observed an increasing rate of

occurrences. The same thought was expressed by W.T. Stace (77).

This is also supported by the "New Age" trend, that is driven by

individual spontaneous spiritual or psychological

transformations (78). Marilyn Ferguson describes the increasing

trend towards enlightening transformation and lists nineteen

"intentional triggers" in her book "The Aquarian Conspiracy" (79).

Throughout the discussions in this paper, well known, long

standing philosophical concepts come to mind. One is compelled

to identify the All-Entity concept with "pantheism", the

doctrine that the divine is all-pervasive. This writer feels

uncomfortable with this term, because any theism, pan- or

otherwise, tends to have a certain limiting connotation. The

system described herein is neither theistic nor atheistic.

All-Entity simply IS, and it encompasses everything else that

IS. Any description of reality fails to convey true direct

experience. This applies also to this paper. However there is

pg. 22

an intuitive knowledge that goes with it and existing philosophical

terms tend to divert attention from this knowledge. They have

attained a reality of their own in the human psyche, and name

recognition of them may be confused with understanding the

underlying reality. The whole is basically simple, as any whole is,

being only a single one. So this paper will use philosophical terms

very sparingly, asking experts to be forgiving.

The Nature of Time

As already stated, our concept of time does not correspond to

higher reality. Time is an aspect of 4-D space-time (Sect. 2).

Following our holistic logic: past, present, and future are

parts of space-time. They exist in it simultaneously (HP5).

Past, present, and future are present in space-time, now and at

any other moment of our time (HP9). We experience sequentially

in our time what exists actually simultaneously in transcendent

reality. It is like the light spot moving on the TV screen,

going through the picture one point at a time, because the TV

transmission system cannot handle all points simultaneously. Or

it is like driving in a car through a landscape. At any one

moment we experience the immediate environment around the car as

the present event. We do not see the stretch that we have

already travelled, or the one before us. Yet the entire route

exists simultaneously, in parallel, if seen from above. In

fact, the landscape does not only exist behind and in front of

us, but stretches out to all sides. Our decisions are like

turns that we take at intersections, choosing a particular

future course of events out of many possible ones. Instead of a

landscape with features such as trees, houses, etc., the

space-time landscape is composed of probable events, the closest

ones being most probable.

This concept of space-time is emerging from modern science.

John Gribbin describes in his book the hypothesis that many

worlds exist in parallel to, and intersect with ours, with

options to branch out (80). Gribbin also describes the work of

Feynmann, who showed mathematically that subatomic particles can

travel backward in time (81). "Both quantum theory and

relativity theory permit time travel, of one kind or another.

And anything that is acceptable to both theories, no matter how

paradoxical that something may seem, has to be taken seriously"

(82). Capra quotes Lama Govinda about Buddhist meditation

experience: "In this space- experience the temporal sequence is

converted into simultaneous coexistence, the side-by-side

existence of things . . . becomes a living continuum in which

time and space are integrated" (83). David Bohm believes that

time is enfolded in the whole, that time is an aspect of the

implicate order (84) (Sect.2). Professor Hawking talks about

"imaginary time" in his book "A Brief History of Time", with a

well defined mathematical meaning. He suggests "that the

so-called imaginary time is really the real time, and that what

we call real time is just a figment of our imaginations" (85).

pq. 23

The assumption of an M-D landscape that holds all events,

including the ones that in our view were in the past, would

explain why scientists cannot find where in the brain memories

are stored. They are most likely not stored in the brain,

instead the brain has the function of reading information that

exists in a timeless M-D environment. Photographic memory can

be understood that way, also the reports that people with near

death experiences (NDE's) see their entire lives in an instant.

This understanding of space-time may explain the character of

dreams pursuing a psychological tale with utter disregard of

space and time. Holistic time and space could perhaps also

explain clairvoyance, precognition, and readings of past reincarnations (86).

Holistic logic tells us also that time has no beginning and end.

The limitations that we perceive in our order do not exist in

higher dimensional orders. A beginning of time implies a

separation from non-time. Separations do not exist at the level

of a whole (HP5). Physicists postulate that space-time runs

back into itself in 4-D space, like the surface of our earth in

3-D space (87). Parts tend to be symbolic for the whole they

represent, because the whole is immanent in the parts. The

celestial bodies are likely to be 3-D symbols of the M-D reality

whence they come. If there is no beginning and end of time,

then it makes no sense to talk about the start of the universe,

such as a "Big-Bang" explosion at "the beginning of time". In

this writer's opinion, the real "Big-Bang" is All-Entity, and

our 3-D physical world is constantly being created out of the

timeless M-D environment. In fact, we are the ones that create

it. It is our limited view of the multidimensional reality that

carves our aspect out of it. We are the ones that settle for a

subset of the total. Without us, that narrowing-down to our

reality would not exist. Of course the same goes for cats,

dogs, fleas, etc., with their own worlds.

The Human Psyche

We can draw also some interesting conclusions about our own

psyche. As we have already seen, it includes all source

entities, including humankind-entity and All-Entity, with untold

M-D layers in between (MHP4). They are all immanent in us. We

must assume that there are intermediate entities between us and

the humankind-entity, given the different races, nationalities

and character types that we observe. We can draw a simplified

map of the human psyche that corresponds to holistic thinking

(Fig.5). We shall bypass psychological definitions, such as id,

ego, and superego for the reason given for philosophical terms

(All-Entity, last paragraph). Figure 5 depicts the view from

our own, our sub-entity's position, with all higher entities in

series according to MHP6. From All-Entity's point of view, all

these entities appear in parallel (MHP5).

pg. 24


-- All-Entity --

|

--- ? ---

|

-- Earth-Entity --

|

--- ? ---

|

-- Animal-Entity --

|

--Humanity-Entity --

|

?

|

------------ Soul ------------

| | | | |

Self Self Self Self Self

| |

Mind Body

Map of human psyche

Fig. 5. Map of human psyche.

We call the M-D entity of our body and mind the "self".

According to holistic reasoning, our self is in turn an aspect

of a more complex entity of an even higher order. We shall call

this next higher entity our "soul", disregarding existing

meanings implied by this word. The soul must have other aspects

besides the self that we identify with. We may call these the

"multiple selves". The concept of multiple selves is not alien

to psychologists. H. Kohurt, for instance, discussed them in his

paper "The Search for the Self", as reported by Louis Zinkin (88)(89).

The Soul is immanent in each of the multiple selves as it is in

ours (HP9). Thus each self refers to it as "my soul", although

the soul includes more selves than one (MHP8). Our soul is

within our self, and our self is in our mind and body. This

means of course that our Soul is immanent in our mind and body.

The soul in turn is a part of an even higher order entity

unknown to us. It in turn is part or subpart of the

humankind-entity. This proceeds through entities of higher and

higher order, through earth-entity all the way up to All-Entity.

All are immanent in "us", in our bodies, minds, our Selves, and

our Souls. If we could proceed in our consciousness to peel off

the outer layers of us, one by one, starting with our body, we

would recognize higher and higher entities as our "real I",

eventually experiencing All-Entity as our ultimate true

identity. In this sense, and with the appropriate state of

mind, it is no blasphemy to state that "I am God". This is

exactly the path to enlightenment taught by Yoga, Buddhism, and

other mystic philosophies. They all seek the awakening to one's

innermost reality, which turns out to be the holistic reality of

the whole universe. The ancient scriptures of Hinduism, for

instance, the Vedas, call the innermost personal reality

pg. 25

"Atman", and the ultimate reality of the universe "Brahman".

The wisdom to be understood and to be experienced is that Atman

and Brahman are one and the same (90)(91)(92)(93).

The described concept of the human psyche provides also an

explanation why long distance runners get their "second wind",

"third wind", etc., until they experience a psychic "high".

They draw on deeper and deeper immanent reserves, thus

experiencing higher levels of their psyche. For the same

reason, frightening experiences can have an exhilarating effect.

The soul dwells in an environment where our limited notions of

space and time do not exist. For the soul, its constituent

selves exist all simultaneously. However to our mind, time

differences do exist, and the selves of the same soul appear in

different time periods of human history. This has been

interpreted as reincarnation, however it is not a matter of the

soul jumping from body to body. It is the creative expression

of life by the soul into many different dimensions, so that it

can grow through experiencing life in a multifaceted way far

beyond the scope of a single self. What we perceive as one

particular incarnation of our soul is one specific aspect of

natural, creative unfoldment into its constituent parts. Unfoldment

occurs at any level, be it the spreading of a flower's petals, of a

tree's branches, different races, or different selves of a soul. It is

only our limited common sense, our distorted sense of space-time,

that prevents us from seeing the true greatness of our souls as they

unfold their existence into seemingly separate selves, as any holon

does. Our souls do not need to be saved. They are securely

imbedded in the folds of All-Entity, as are our selves. Where time

does not exist, death cannot be.

Dr. Ian Stevenson, Professor of Psychiatry at the University of

Virginia Medical School, has performed thousands of

scientifically documented case studies of apparent

reincarnation. At least five volumes with case histories have

been published by the Virginia University Press (94). The

university's decision to publish this "controversial" material

was based on Dr. Stevenson's impeccable professional credibility

and on an independent in-depth check into the scientific

viability of his studies. A summary of Dr. Stevenson's studies

is given in a book titled: "Reincarnation", authored by Sylvia

Cranston and Carey Williams (95). Dr. Stevenson focussed his

studies on children, because he observed that the

reincarnational recall tends to fade after a certain age. Also,

children's spontaneous recalls are less suspect because they are

less influenced by prior knowledge. Furthermore, children's

stories can often be more easily verified, because witnesses of

their former lives may still be alive.

According to Cranston and Williams, for each case investigated

Dr. Stevenson and his staff taped interviews with an average of

25 people. They checked out documents, letters, medical

pg. 26

records, etc., and compared character traits between the child

and its claimed former personality. In about 200 cases the

child could point to a birthmark where it claimed to have been

wounded or killed, and the position of the wound could be

verified through witnesses or records of these events. For

instance one boy claimed that he was formerly a Turkish bandit

who took his life when he was cornered by authorities. He shot

himself from below through his jaw. The boy had a huge mark

there, and hair was missing on his scalp where the bullet

supposedly had emerged in his former life. A witness of the

shooting was still alive and verified these details. Other

cases involved people who could fluently speak foreign

languages, although they had never learned them in this life.

It is appropriate at this point to redefine the term "mind". We

distinguish here between "conscious mind" and "unconscious mind"

and we shall define as "unconscious mind" all the mind-substance

in our psyche, up to All-Entity. There are really no divisions.

In any multiple holon there are no divisions between its order

levels. The source-entities and the sub-entities at all levels

are one and the same, only seen from different points of view

(HP6&MHP1). The word "psyche" means then the total of conscious

and unconscious mind.

Holistic thinking leads to the belief in mind over matter.

According to HP10, a change in any part is associated with

changes in the whole and the other parts. Therefore, conscious

thoughts change the self and through it the body. Any intense

and persistent thought pattern does affect the body, positively

or negatively, depending on the type of thoughts. Depending on

how strong and persistent the thought patterns are, they affect

deeper or shallower layers of the psyche, causing more or less

permanent effects on the body.

Therefore the prevailing medical practice of repairing the body

as one would a complex machine appears inappropriate. Instead

the growing trend of a holistic approach to medicine addresses

the whole personality and is likely to be more effective and

less costly in the long run. Of course a change in the body

also affects our mind, as we all experience when we are sick.

The effect in that direction usually happens much faster.

Probably this is because our mind is much more flexible than our

body, the former being less locked into space and time than the

latter. Thus it takes the body longer to change in response to

a new blueprint from the inner self, as seen in our time perception.

So far we have viewed the M-D hierarchy like the organization of

a corporation, where managers have an open door policy to all

people working for him or her, down to the lowest rank.

However, as everybody knows who has participated in corporate

life, organization diagrams are crude abstractions of how an

organization really functions. In actuality, there is a

multitude of cross-communications and informal working

pg. 27

relationships. So it is with the M-D hierarchy. Different

levels are not distinctly separated, even seen from below,

because consciousnesses usually grow across them gradually.

Parallel entities melt together to form partial holistic unions,

others disintegrate. Furthermore, parts belong to more than one

whole, as individuals belong simultaneously to a family, a work

organization, a church, a club, and (God forbid) to several

partners. While this complicates the issues, the holon

principles still apply to whatever situation one considers.

Also remember that the hierarchical organization appears rigid

only when viewed from the bottom up, while from the top down

everything is one harmonious, homogeneous evolving union (HP6).

Now, is the reader confused about who he or she really is, the

daily-life-person, the self, the soul, or the entire string to

All-Entity? And how do the multiple selves relate to us? The

answer can be obtained again with our trusty crystal model.

Pointing to one of its planes one can ask whether this is a

plane or whether it is the whole crystal. It depends on our

point of view (HP6). The more we live from our heart, the

deeper we feel the joyful union with the rest of the world, the

more we identify with our higher source-entities (MHP7). Each

individual sets his or her own place by the attitude towards

life, by the scope of mind. The other selves are not separate,

competing entities, viewed from the soul (HP6). Any action, any

thought of our self affects our other selves and vice versa,

whether one is aware of them or not (HP10). It is unconscious

teamwork across space and time.

Learning to open up to and to identify with our inner self and

our soul opens the access to their greater power, potential, and

harmony. This is why deep muscle relaxation exercises used by

psychologists for anxiety desensitization are so helpful. One

puts the conflicting currents of daily life on hold and allows

the soul to do its job: to implement peace and harmony.

Conflicts are seen at this level with a detached, sovereign, and

much more knowledgeable point of view. With some practice, one

can sense answers and suggestions from there. The prerequisite

is, of course, that one accepts the existence of M-D reality to

begin with. This is also the reason why obsessive-compulsive

behavior, such as alcoholism, can be much more effectively cured

if the treatment involves a spiritual approach. Inner conflicts

are already resolved at a deeper level within us, there being a

harmonious whole of opposing parts. It's a matter of opening up to it.

M-D reality is called "spiritual", but this term has

connotations for many people that do not well reflect the true

nature of M-D reality. Many believe that the spiritual world

lies beyond our world, unreal compared with ours, separated from

us, and only to be reached after death. Holistic knowledge

tells us instead that transcendent existence is more real than

physical reality. Spiritual and physical reality are one and

the same, seen from different points of view. We are living in

pg. 28

the spiritual M-D world right now, always, dead or alive. It

is better to think in terms of laws of nature that permeate all

reality. Only with this understanding shall we use the term

spiritual here, synonymously with M-D reality.

Multiple Worlds

A holistic model of the multidimensional universe is not

complete without addressing the utter immensity, the

mindboggling and seemingly hopeless vastness and complexity of

it all. If we think that we cannot grasp our physical cosmos

with its myriad galaxies and endless space, wait till you hear

the rest. Imagine that the cells in your body form a society of

living individuals, like a microscopic human society. You are a

single cell and you try to understand all of reality. Through

some communication you may have a vague idea of the organ in

which you dwell. However, to understand the whole body is

impossible. This corresponds roughly to our understanding of

the physical cosmos. Now realize that your scientists have not

even discovered yet that there is a mind associated with the

body, your cosmos. Worse yet, there are other body-cosmoses

with minds in addition to yours, billions of them. And these

live on one relatively insignificant planet, with the entire

universe still beyond, with untold galaxies. This may be an apt

description of our situation. It demonstrates also why we must

not reject the following considerations as unrealistic. What is

possible for one holon, the cell, is possible for any holon,

including ours. If such conclusion is logical, our common sense

is not qualified to reject it just because it is so overwhelming.

Let us revisit our 2Ds. Our crystal has a number of planes with

different orientations in 3-D space. The 2Ds of any one plane

cannot perceive any of the other planes, because they lack a

sense for a third dimension. The crystal in our example is a

rather simple structure. Potentially, there can be an unlimited

number of 2-D aspects of the same 3-D object. Think of a tree.

One can take virtually an unlimited number of different (2-D)

photos of it. Thus one can create an unlimited number of 2-D

aspect/parts of one 3-D whole (HP2). As far as analogies go, it

is not possible to find one that explains all holistic

situations simultaneously. One must combine mentally the

aspect-parts vs. whole relationship of the crystal (HP1-13) with

the aspects of the tree. In other words, for an accurate analogy,

the photos would have to be organically integrated with the tree (HP6).

So there are potentially an infinite number of parts in the

holon of any entity, and there are potentially an infinite

number of worlds in the holon of any higher order world.

Inhabitants of a lower order world do not perceive the

fellow-worlds of the same order, as the 2Ds in one crystal plane

don't see the other planes. In the same manner, we do not

perceive the other 3-D worlds. They are differently oriented in

pg. 29

4-D space. Higher order M-D worlds are even much more

diversified. The 4-D world to which we and other worlds belong

is itself only one of many. There are potentially a limitless

number of 4-D worlds, each one having a limitless number of 3-D

worlds, and so on up the M-D hierarchy. All-Entity has an

infinite number of sub-entity worlds at all order levels,

spreading out into more and more diversification at lower orders.

Another analogy may help to visualize this situation. As

mentioned in Section 3, white light contains a range of colors.

It is possible to choose different colors from pure white light,

corresponding to the infinite number of electromagnetic wave

frequencies that comprise white light. So in the world of

colors, the single whole, white, potentially spawns an infinite

number of "color worlds". This concept applies to every holon

on all M-D order levels.

The multiple world concept is not just an unrealistic play with

thoughts. Quantum physicists are beginning to believe that this

is a correct interpretation of their quantum mathematics. The

subject was first seriously addressed in 1950 by Hugh Everett

who explored the concept mathematically (96)(97)(98). It

appears that multiple worlds are just as real as ours, even

though they are invisible to us. As John Gribbin says: "It

sounds like science fiction, but it goes far deeper than any

science fiction, and it is based on impeccable mathematical

equations . . ."(99). The only reason why some physicists have

difficulty to accept this is that it goes against their common sense.

We have so much trouble to accept the immensity of multiple

worlds because we imagine them as separate. In reality, they

are aspects of one whole. In M-D reality there are ultimately

no separate entities, there is only one single All-Entity. Our

common sense may not be able to cope with the vastness of the

M-D universe, but the consoling thought is that our inner psyche

can do so. We can trust that it can deal with this because in

its deepest immanence it is identical with All-Entity. We can

compare this with an individual within a nation. As a single

person we could feel hopelessly insignificant, given the total

population of the country. Yet, with some spirit of patriotism

it can be even uplifting to be part of a great nation. We can

adopt a similar attitude towards the entire universe and feel

very good about it.

Holistic logic provides some insight into the creation of the

worlds, ours and others. The camera in our tree analogy stands

for a consciousness that perceives a 2-D aspect of the 3-D

whole. It is the act of taking the picture, of paying attention

to an aspect, which makes that aspect real as a 2-D entity. In

a holon, the potential aspects of the whole become real in the

lower order because some consciousness perceives them. If

nobody looks at a particular aspect of a 3-D object, that aspect

pg. 30

does not exist as a 2-D entity. By the same token, if nobody

looks at a 3-D aspect of a 4-D object, that aspect does not

exist as an entity in our 3-D world. It is the restricted

consciousness that creates entities at its order level out of

the unlimited aspects of the transcendent whole. As John

Gribbin says: "nothing is real unless we look at it" (100).

This is true for the reality that we experience, and we also

must assume that it is true for other realities that we don't

perceive ourselves. The different realities are "created" by

their inhabitants because they look at different aspects of the

same transcendent whole. The term "real" means here what is

real for us, real in our order. The transcendent whole has

always been and still is real, more profoundly real in its own

domain (HP7). The multiple world idea is really analog to

multiple selves. Holons have the same structure throughout the

universe (HP12). We may assume that our multiple selves live in

different multiple worlds, not just in different time periods.

The multiple-world view of holistic thinking means that we

constantly pick our own reality from an unlimited reservoir of

existing probabilities that are already real in the multidimensional

environment. Our own reality depends on how we approach the

greater, invisible reality around and within us, which aspects we

focus on, individually and as a society. It is as if we all wear tinted

glasses, each person a different color. We all look at the same objects

in M-D space bathed in white light. However, each one of us sees

the same world with a different color. We hardly realize this, because

we are so used to our own color. Some people see the world in a

depressing blue, while others in a cheerful pink. Certain items are

not even seen at all by some but by others, because our colored

glasses filter out certain aspects. Assuming for a moment that

there are enough colors (which is true in terms of psychological

diversity), there are as many different worlds as there are

people, each picking his or her unique aspect of the M-D world.

To change our world, we must change the color of our own

glasses. Preferably we want to increase the color range until

we see white light. So we want to increase the range of our

consciousness. As we do away with the limitations of our

mindset, we automatically act more in tune with the greater

reality in which we reside. Our world becomes more desirable

for us as well as for others. "You create your own reality",

this is the message repeated tirelessly by Seth in Jane Roberts'

books. He explains in enlightening detail how we can change our

lives by changing our beliefs (101). In fact, Seth's entire

philosophy dovetails coherently with the holistic system

described here. To this writer this is one of the indications

of Seth's authenticity. Without the Seth material, the Multiple

World section and some other parts of this paper would not have

been written with the same confidence. The Seth books provide a

wealth of information for the serious student of M-D reality.

Philosophers have suggested multiple worlds in the past.

Spinoza, for instance, said that God has an infinite number of

pg. 31

attributes, of which humans perceive only two: physical

extension and thought, humans being themselves of a physical and

mental nature (102). Gottfied Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716)

postulated that ours is the "best of all possible worlds" (103).

The holistic hierarchy described here is reminiscent of

Leibniz's system of monads, which are basically spiritual,

psychic entities positioned in a metaphysical hierarchy (104).

The higher a monad is positioned, the more it represents the

reality of the universe, each from its own perspective. There

is an all-encompassing supreme monad: God. "The source of

mechanics lies in meta-physics", according to Leibniz. He

pointed out that the whole overall system is totally

homogeneous, without discrete steps. The interaction between

monads at different levels, such as the soul and the body, is

due to a harmony preestablished by God, according to Leibniz.

Causality

There are two types of causality. We are used to the type

confined to space and time: if certain conditions exist and

certain events occur at some time, then these cause another set

of conditions and events at a later time. This is the

scientific type of reasoning. It deals with parts on the same

order level, for instance within our 3-D world. We shall call

this type of causal relationship "temporal causation", because

time passes between its cause and effect. The maximum speed

with which temporal causation can occur is the speed of light,

according to Einstein. The other type of causation occurs

between wholes and their parts, between dimensional orders

(HP10). This type was more perceived by the Greek philosophers

(105). We shall call it "holistic causation". In contrast to

temporal causation, holistic causation can cause correlated

events to appear in our world perfectly simultaneously, giving

us the impression that they communicate fas