CONTENTS

Preface


1. Introduction
§ 1. Synthetic Microanalysis of Complex Systems
§ 2. Topics, Theories, Categories
§ 3. Economics, Evolutionary Biology, Statistical Physics

PART I. EQUILIBRIUM

2. Theories of Composite Systems
§ 4. The World in Many Levels of Description
§ 5. Deductive Construction of Small Systems
§ 6. Synthetic Microanalysis of Large Systems
§ 7. Idealization, Approximation, Model
§ 8. Federal Versus Imperial Unity of Science
§ 9. Equilibrium and Optimization

3. Individuals: Systems and Constituents
§ 10. An Individual and Its Possibilities
§ 11. The Integrity of the Topic of Statistical Mechanics
§ 12. The Unit of Evolution and the Unit of Selection
§ 13. Economic Individuals as Ideal Optimizers

4. Situated Individuals and the Situation
§ 14. Independent-Individual Approximations
§ 15. Single Particles in the Self-Consistent Field
§ 16. Price Takers in the Competitive Market
§ 17. Fitness, Adaptation, and the Environment

5. Interacting Individuals and Collective Phenomena
§ 18. Intermediate Layers of Structure and Individuals
§ 19. Collective Excitations and Their Coupling
§ 20. Economic Institutions and Industrial Organization
§ 21. Population Structure and the Evolution of Altruism

6. Macro Individuals and Emergent Properties
§ 22. Emergent Characters of the System as a Whole
§ 23. Self-Organization in Phase Transition
§ 24. Adaptive-Organization of Biological Systems
§ 25. Inflation, Unemployment, and Their Microfoundation

PART II. DYNAMICS

7. The Temporality of Dynamic Systems
§ 26. Temporality and Possibility
§ 27. Endurance Versus Composition
§ 28. Past, Present, Future

8. The Complexity of Deterministic Dynamics
§ 29. Deterministic Dynamical Systems
§ 30. Stability, Instability, Bifurcation
§ 31. Chaos and Predictability
§ 32. Uniting Deterministic and Stochastic Concepts
§ 33. The Foundation of Statistical Mechanics
§ 34. Causality but not Determinism

9. Stochastic Processes
§ 35. The Calculus of Probability and Stochastic
§ 36. Stochastic and Deterministic Models of Business Cycles
§ 37. The Survival of the Fittest or the Luckiest?
§ 38. Causality and Randomness in Statistical Mechanics
§ 39. Probability but not Tychism

10. Directionality, History, Expectation
§ 40. Causality and Temporally Asymmetry
§ 41. Natural History and Its Abuse
§ 42. Dynamic Optimization, Expectation, Uncertainty

11. Epilogue
§ 43. A Look Backward and Forward

Notes
Bibliography

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