DARFH manual03.asc~?24 menu item) are displayed. Dir Pattern This item selects the pattern that DesTerm uses to select files for inclusion in the Directory and Dir > Buffer functions. The default pattern is '*', meaning all files. NOTE: See the 'Pattern Matching and Buffer Lists' section for more details. Dir > Buffer This item is very similar to the 'Directory' function, except that the directory listing is appended to the buffer. Init Disk The Commodore DOS Initialize command (I0) is sent to the drive. This function should be used whenever a new disk is placed in the drive. Validate Disk The Commodore DOS Validate command (V0) is sent to the drive. This function causes the Block Allocation Map and Directory Sectors to be re-consolidated with the contents of the disk. NOTE 1: This function should be used whenever 'Splat' files (indicated by a '*' after the filetype) occur on a disk. NOTE 2: This operation can take a fair amount of time (minutes for large HardDrive partitions). For this reason, the Disk Operations menu is exited when this command is in effect so you may continue with other non-disk operations. Reset Disk The Commodore DOS Reset command (U:) is sent to the drive. This function causes a cold-reset of the current Drive. This command should be used if the current drive seems to be acting a little strange. NOTE: This operation takes a couple of seconds to execute on most drives. Send Command This item sends the user-specified command string to the current drive. No checking is done to verify that the command is valid. NOTE: Be careful when using this command, some commands can perform serious damage to your files. Scratch File This item deletes files. Files are either selected from a user-defined pattern or the buffer, depending on the 'File Match' setting. NOTE 1: See the 'Pattern Matching and Buffer Lists' section for more details. NOTE 2: A verification menu pops up to ensure that you really to wish to delete files. Format Disk This item formats a disk. The name is prompted for. Unless the name is preceded by a drive letter, the current drive will be used. If you want a 'quick' format, just a name is necessary ("disk-name"). If you want a 'full' format, you should specify a disk id ("disk-name,id"). NOTE 1: If you are formatting the DesTerm RamDisk, the name is not used, but must be non-blank. NOTE 2: A blank name will abort the format. NOTE 3: A verification menu pops up to ensure that you really to wish to format the disk. Copy File This option copies files from one drive to another. Source files are either selected from a user-defined pattern or the buffer, depending on the 'File Match' setting. The Destination drive is prompted for. NOTE: This is the only way to copy files to and from the DesTerm RamDisk - since it is not available outside of DesTerm. DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide 17 Pick Drive This item allows you to select the current drive. The fist four options select the DesTerm, Download, Upload and Buffer directories respectively. The next eight options pick the raw drives A: through H:. DesTerm Drive This option selects which drive should be used to access DesTerm files. Download Drive This option selects the drive upon which downloaded files are stored. Upload Drive This option selects the drive from which uploads are retrieved. Buffer Drive This option selects the drive that is used to load and save buffer files. Drive Define This option allows you to define the disk device, partition and directory for each of the drives A: through H:. First, you are prompted for the drive you wish to define, then for the disk device (8-23 or the REU). If the unit you select supports partitions and/or directories, then you will be prompted for these too. Ram Format This item determines whether DesTerm should attempt to use the REU as a RamDisk: Leave REU Alone DesTerm will not allow the REU to be formatted as a RamDisk - thus protecting any data that happens to be in it. Format as RamDisk DesTerm will allow the REU to be formatted as a RamDisk. This option does not actually perform the format - it just allows the Format Disk command to operate on the REU. File Match This option allows you to select 'Pattern' if you wish to use the DesTerm pattern matching feature or 'Buffer List' if you wish to use the buffer list feature. This selection affects the 'Scratch File' and 'Copy File' functions. NOTE: See the 'Pattern Matching and Buffer Lists' section for more details. Pattern Matching and Buffer Lists Anybody that has used Commodore disk drives for any length of time will be familiar with the concept of pattern matching. DesTerm extends the capabilities of Commodore style pattern matching plus adds an extremely useful method of using the buffer to store lists of filenames. You may select Pattern Matching or Buffer Lists from either the Disk Functions- >File Match or Transfer Settings->File Selection menu items. 18 DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide DesTerm Pattern Matching DesTerm extends the Commodore pattern matching in the following way: the '*' character (which matches 0 or more characters) can be used anywhere in the pattern up to two times. The Commodore '*' character can only be used at the end of a pattern. In summary: ? Matches any single character. Any number of these characters can be used in a patten. * Matches 0 or more characters. Up to two of these characters can be used in a pattern. Examples "?" Matches all filenames that have only one character. "*.?" Matches all filenames that end with '.' and a single character. "*" Matches all filenames. "*.*" Matches all filenames that have a '.' in them somewhere. "*.chr" Matches all filenames that end with ".chr". (DesTerm character sets) "des*.00" Matches all filenames that start with "des" and end with ".00". DesTerm Buffer Lists The 'Dir > Buffer' item in the Disk Functions menu is used to send a copy of a disk directory to the buffer. The Buffer List concept uses this feature to allow the specification of multiple filenames. NOTE: This feature will work with either the character buffer (buffer.edt) or the editable buffer (editable.edt). If you wish to remove or add entries, however, you will need to use the editable buffer. Suppose you want to upload several files from your Upload drive, but there is no pattern that will specify only these files - no problem! Use the 'Dir > Buffer' menu item to place a listing of the entire Uploads Drive in the buffer. Next, enter the buffer editor and remove the names of the files you don't wish to upload. Now select 'Buffer List' from the Transfer Settings->File Selection menu item. When you request upload using one of the batch protocols, instead of asking for a pattern to be specified, the filenames will automatically be taken from the buffer. Another advantage of this method is that the drive letter is included with the filename when it is placed in the buffer. This means that you can upload, copy or scratch files from several different drives by simply performing a 'Dir > Buffer' function for each drive in question. This can save time and disk space since you no longer have to place all the files in one place before you can use them. NOTE: DesTerm looks for a specific 'format of characters' when choosing filenames from the buffer. There is no need to remove other text or to clear the buffer before you use this feature. DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide 19 Editing DesTerm Buffer Lists The 'Dir > Buffer' function puts directory entries into the buffer in the following format: Disk Header The drive letter, and equal sign, the disk name (padded to 18 characters), the disk id and finally the DOS type of the disk: a=desterm3.02 00 1h Filename The drive letter, a colon, the filename (padded to 18 characters) and the filetype (PRG, SEQ etc): a:function.fnc PRG You may create your own entries in the buffer if you follow this format. DesTerm Meta-Characters There are several places in DesTerm that allow text to be defined that will be sent to the remote computer/modem. In all cases, meta-characters can be used to extend the range of characters that can be sent. DesTerm uses a total of four meta-characters: ^ (caret, Ascii 94) Treat next character as control character, send resultant code. ~ (tilde, Ascii 126) Pause for 1/2 second (no character is sent). $ (dollar, Ascii 36) Treat next two characters as hex number, send resultant code. \ (backslash, Ascii 96) Treat next character as literal (allows any of the four meta-characters to be sent). Examples: Send a BELL character (Ascii 7): "^g", "^G" or "$07" Send "Hello ", Pause for 1 second, Send "World": "Hello~~World" Send each of the meta characters as literals: "\^\~\$\\" NOTE 1: See the DesTerm Keyboard Mappings Appendix for details on which keys to use to generate the ^, ~ and \ characters. NOTE 2: See the ASCII to Commdore ASCII Conversion Chart Appendix for details on control code sequences. Loading DesTerm Configuration Files When DesTerm first runs, it loads several configuration files. It is possible to load each of these files at a later time by using the items in the 'File Settings' menu. Special three character filename extensions have been created for each of the configuration files. Only files with the correct extension for a particular configuration item can be loaded. When you select the appropriate item, DesTerm scans the DesTerm drive for all filenames that end with the correct extension. Once this is done, one of three things happens depending on the number of matching filenames found: 0: There is no file to load - the load is aborted. 1: There is exactly one file that can be loaded - this file is loaded with no prompting. >1: There are at least two files that could be loaded. A 'file requester' menu is displayed that contains the names of each matching file. The file to be loaded is then selected from this list. 20 DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide The configuration files that can be loaded are: Name Extension Description Char File *.chr Character set definition files. DesTerm is supplied with several character sets. Setup File *.set Main DesTerm settings files. They contain all the settings defined in the Disk Functions, Protocol Settings, User Settings and Transfer Settings menus. Files of this type are created by using the Save Settings item in the User Settings menu. Fkey File *.fnc Function Key Files. They contain information defined and saved in the Define Fkey menu. Number File *.tel Telephone Book Files. They contain information defined and saved in the Edit Number File menu. Key File *.key Keyboard mapping definition files. For the moment there is only one: desterm.key. A keyboard mapping editor is under development that will allow the user to change what each key does. Protocol Prg *.dpr Transfer Protocol files. These files contain the programs that support the various transfer protocols. Editor Prg *.edt Buffer Editor files. These files contain the programs that allow the buffer space (Ram Bank 1) to be used in different ways. Emulation Prg *.emu Terminal Emulation files. These files contain the programs that define the terminal emulation being used. Modem File *.mdm Modem Description files. They contain the information defined in the Modem Settings menu. Script File *.dsl DesTerm Scripting Language files. They contain the compiled script programs that DesTerm uses. NOTE: Scripts are not currently supported in DesTerm V3.02. Saving Your DesTerm Configuration The first item in the 'File Settings' menu is 'Save Name File'. This function writes the names of the currently loaded configuration files to a special file called config.cfg. It is the contents of this file that determines which of your configuration files get loaded at DesTerm boot time. DesTerm Configuration: Character Sets All DesTerm character sets are found on the DesTerm drive and have the extension '.chr'. The supplied character sets are: ibmset.chr For use when connected to PC based systems. amigaset.chr For use when connected to Amiga based systems. cbmcgset.chr For use with Commodore-Colour-Graphics based systems. cbmset.chr General set based on the C128 ROM characters. vt102set.chr For use with VT-102 emulation mode. vt52set.chr For use with VT-52 emulation mode. Character sets for DesTerm differ from those normally associated with Commodore computers. Each character is 8 bytes each as normal, but the character order is true ASCII. Since the VDC takes care of character reverse, only 256 characters are needed. The file size should be 2050 bytes (2048 for the data + 2 for the load address). The first character (0) is a little special. This character is never actually displayed on the screen in any terminal emulation mode, so it is used to define which characters are to be used for the menu borders. Each of the bytes in the first character represents the character to be used for a particular part of the border: DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide 21 Top Left byte 0 Top Middle byte 1 Top Right byte 2 Middle Left byte 3 Middle Right byte 4 Bottom Left byte 5 Bottom Middle byte 6 Bottom Right byte 7 A special DesTerm character set editor has been included with the DesTerm V3.02. See the DesTerm Configuration: Editors section for details. DesTerm Configuration: Transfer Protocols All transfer protocol program files are found on the DesTerm drive, and have the extension '.dpr'. The following transfer protocols are supplied: xmodem.dpr The original Xmodem protocol. The DesTerm version supports both CRC and Checksum mode automatically. xmodem1k.dpr The Xmodem-1K protocol. Pretty much the same as Xmodem, but can extend the block-size to 1K. xmodem1g.dpr The Xmodem-1K/G protocol. The same as Xmodem-1K, except that no error recovery is possible. Only use this protocol when the line-noise immunity is high (error correcting modems or direct connect). ymodem.dpr The Ymodem batch protocol. Very similar to Xmodem-1K, except that multiple files can be transferred in one session and the filenames are transmitted automatically. ymodemg.dpr The Ymodem/G batch protocol. The same as Ymodem, except that no error recovery is possible. Only use this protocol when the line-noise immunity is high (error correcting modems or direct connect). zmodem.dpr The Zmodem batch protocol. A high reliability, environment tolerant file transfer protocol. Only use this protocol when RTS/CTS flow control is being used. NOTE: At this time, only Zmodem receive is supplied. DesTerm Configuration: Editors All editor program files are found on the DesTerm drive, and have the extension '.edt'. The following editors are supplied: buffer.edt This is a character based capture buffer program. Each byte is stored one after another in memory. The capacity of the buffer is 60912 bytes. This buffer is not editable. editable.edt This is a line based capture buffer program. The editable buffer can store 733 lines of 80 column text. As the name implies, this buffer is editable. help.edt This is a hypertext based help system. You may notice several files with the extension '.hlp' in the DesTerm directory. These are help files that can be viewed with the help viewer. fontedit.edt This is a Character Set Editor program specifically designed for DesTerm 128. NOTE 1: The character and editable buffers both leave a signature in memory. If for some reason you need to reset your computer, but did not save the current contents of the buffer - do not worry. When DesTerm loads, the buffer program that loads checks for the special signature. If it recognizes the signature as its own, the buffer is restored. If it recognizes the signature of another editor program, it leaves the memory intact (and unusable) until the buffer is explicitly cleared. This allows you to load the appropriate editor program before the data is destroyed. NOTE 2: See the 'Using the Buffer Viewer', 'Using the Buffer Editor', 'Using the Character Editor' and 'Getting Help' sections for details on how to use each of the above programs. 22 DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide DesTerm Configuration: Terminal Emulation All terminal emulation program files are found on the DesTerm drive, and have the extension '.emu'. The following terminal emulations are supplied: tty.emu A fairly generic no-frills 80 column teletype emulation. ansi.emu A complete implementation of the ANSI X3.64 standard. (With modifications for compatibility with the IBM-PC). vt102.emu A fairly complete implementation of the DEC VT-102 Terminal. Features beyond the capabilities of the VDC chip are not implemented. NOTE 1: See the appropriate appendix for a discussion of the control-code sequences used in each emulation mode. NOTE 2: You may also notice that files exist with the same names as the terminal emulations but with the extension '.eky'. These files are keyboard mappings specific to each emulation. If, for some reason, the appropriate '.eky' file cannot be found on the DesTerm drive, the default keyboard mapping will be used. Most functions will still work, but specialized keys (such as the VT102 PFkeys) will not be available. Dialing the Telephone The numbers that you have defined in the 'Edit Number File' menu can be dialed using the options available in the 'Dial Directory' menu item: Dial Number This option will present a menu that contains the currently available telephone book entries. Simply select the number you wish to dial and press RETURN. Redial Last This option will re-dial the last number that was dialed. Multiple Dial This option allows you to select one or more entries from the telephone book. Entries to dial are selected by moving the highlight bar to the desired entry and pressing RETURN. The selection acts like a toggle: a selected number will become de-selected. Selected numbers are flagged by a '<' in the small window beside the entries. Four other items appear in this menu: Select All Numbers All numbers become selected. UnSelect All Numbers All numbers become de-selected. Toggle All Numbers All numbers toggle (selected becomes un- selected, un-selected becomes selected). Dial Selected Numbers The numbers that have been selected will be dialed until: a) A successful connection is made. The successful number is de-selected (so that subsequent multiple dials will not dial that number again). b) ESC is pressed. Quit. The entire dial-process is stopped - if a dial was in progress, the call is canceled. c) RETURN is pressed. Return to Terminal. The entire dial process is stopped. A call in progress is not canceled. Dial Wait This is the amount of time that DesTerm will wait before deciding that the remote computer is not going to pick up the phone. It is recommended that this number be set fairly high, since most modems have an S-register setting for the same purpose. (Better to let the modem to abort the call). The time intervals range from 30 to 120 seconds. Dial Pause This setting supplies the time interval between the conclusion of one dial attempt and the start of the next. Some modems and telephone lines require at least two seconds DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide 23 of 'on hook' time before another call can be made. The time intervals range from None to 10 seconds. The Dialing Status Window Whenever a number is being dialed, DesTerm displays a window containing the status of the current call. The status items are: This call: The description from the phonebook of the number currently being dialed. Telephone: The telephone number of the call being made. Status: The current action (Dialing, Waiting, Dial Pause etc). Response: Any modem-reports the modem may make (BUSY, ERROR, NO ANSWER etc). Time Left: The amount of time left until this dial-attempt is aborted. Last Attempt: The reason that the previous dial attempt (if any) failed. (Busy, Timed Out, Interrupted by User etc). The user may press the following keys to affect the dialing process: SPACE Abort the current dialing attempt. Dial the next number (multiple dial) or the same number (single dial). ESC Abort the current dialing attempt. Return to menu mode. RETURN Return to terminal mode. If a dial is in progress, the call is not terminated. The DesTerm Capture Buffer Most terminal programs have some ability to store a certain amount of data in memory for rapid retrieval. DesTerm is no exception! DesTerm comes with two 'buffer' options: buffer.edt A simple minded 'character' based buffer that will store 60912 bytes of text. This buffer is not editable. editable.edt A 'smart' buffer that stores the information in up to 733 80- character lines. The text is editable. NOTE 1: These capture buffer options are selectable from the File Settings -> Load Editor Prg menu. NOTE 2: The contents of the buffer may be viewed/edited from the terminal screen by pressing 'ALT V' The Buffer Settings menu is used to access the buffer, its features and modes: Mode In 'Capture' mode, text will be received from the modem and saved in the buffer. In 'Transmit' mode, text will be taken from the buffer and sent to the modem. NOTE: For data to be sent-to or taken-from the buffer, it must be 'opened'. The buffer is 'opened' by using the Hotkey sequence 'ALT +' and 'closed' with 'ALT -'. Save The buffer contents will be saved to a disk file. The file may be saved as either true Ascii or Commodore-Ascii. Load The contents of a file will be loaded into the buffer. You will be prompted as to whether the file is to be appended (Append) to the end of the current buffer or simply replace it (Overwrite). You will be prompted as to whether file was saved in 'Ascii' or Commodore-Ascii format. Auto The 'Automatic' buffer feature of DesTerm can be very useful. It allows the contents of the buffer to be saved to disk any time the buffer gets full: Auto Save 'Yes' to enable auto-save, 'No' to disable. Filename The filename to use as the 'root name' for the files that will be created. Each filename will be the 'root name' plus a two digit number. '00', '01', '02' etc. File Mode Select from 'Commodore' Ascii or True 'Ascii'. Purge This option is used to save the last portion of the buffer that has not yet been saved. 24 DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide NOTE: At this time, the auto-save feature only works with the editable buffer. Strip Several of the emulation protocols supported send 'hidden' control codes that adjust the position of the cursor, the text colour etc. If you select 'Don't Strip', all characters will be saved in the buffer. If you select 'Strip', only the text will be saved: control sequences will be removed. Print The contents of the buffer will be printed. Clear The contents of the buffer will be cleared. Capture Buffer Hotkeys Most of the time, the buffer will be accessed via Hotkeys. These Hotkeys deserve special attention: ALT C Toggle between Capture and Send mode. In Capture mode, characters are saved into the buffer, in Send mode, characters are taken from the buffer and transmitted. The buffer-mode character in the status line is 'B' for capture and 'S' for send. ALT + Open the buffer: The buffer-operation character in the status line is 'O'. In Capture mode, characters will be saved. In Send mode, characters will be transmitted. NOTE 1: The transmission of characters is throttled according to the 'Inter Char Pause' and 'Inter Line Pause' as defined in the Transfer Settings menu. NOTE 2: The transmission of characters starts from 'where it left of'. If you wish to start from the beginning of the buffer again, toggle the Capture/Send mode - this will reset the 'output' pointer. ALT - Close the buffer: The buffer-operation character in the status line is 'C'. In Capture mode, characters will not be saved. In Send mode. characters will not be transmitted. ALT Q Clear the buffer. Using the Buffer Viewer (buffer.edt) The character buffer (buffer.edt) allows you to view what has been buffered. To access the buffer, use the hotkey sequence ALT V. The viewer has the following functions: Function Key Sequences Screen Down One Line CURSOR DOWN KEYPAD 2 Screen Up One Line CURSOR UP KEYPAD 8 Screen Left 10 Characters CURSOR LEFT KEYPAD 4 Screen Right 10 Characters CURSOR RIGHT KEYPAD 6 Quit ESC CTRL RUN/STOP Using the Buffer Editor (editable.edt) The editable buffer (editable.edt) allows a wide-range of text- processing features. The editor has two modes: Insert mode: Characters typed are inserted at the current cursor position. No line may be more than 80 characters long. If you are typing at the end of a line, then at the 80th column, the cursor will move down to the start of the next line. No new line is inserted! If you are typing in the middle of a line, characters will be inserted until the line is 80 characters wide, then new characters will be ignored. Overwrite mode: Characters typed overwrite the characters underneath the cursor. When the 80th column is reached, the cursor moves DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide 25 to the start of the next line, and text will overwrite what is there. NOTE: Pressing RETURN will always cause the line to split at the cursor. (creating a new line) Cursor Movement Cursor Down 1 Line CURSOR DOWN CTRL X KEYPAD 2 Cursor Up 1 Line CURSOR UP CTRL E KEYPAD 8 Cursor Left 1 Char CURSOR LEFT CTRL S KEYPAD 4 Cursor Right 1 Char CURSOR RIGHT CTRL D KEYPAD 6 Move to Start of Line KEYPAD 7 CTRL Q/S Move to End of Line KEYPAD 1 CTRL Q/D Move to Top of Buffer CTRL KEYPAD 7 CTRL Q/R Move to Bottom of Buffer CTRL KEYPAD 1 CTRL Q/C Page Up CTRL R KEYPAD 9 Page Down CTRL C KEYPAD 3 Top of Screen CTRL Q/E Bottom of Screen CTRL Q/X Insertion of Text Toggle Insert/Overwrite CTRL V KEYPAD 0 Insert New Line CTRL N Break Line at Cursor RETURN Insert Literal Char* CTRL P Deletion of Text Del Char Under Cursor CLR/HOME CTRL G KEYPAD . Del Char Before Cursor INST/DEL Del Line CTRL Y Join Lines CTRL J Del to End Of Line CTRL Q/Y * The Control-Q sequence allows characters that would not normally be accessible to be entered. Type CTRL Q followed by any other Control Character sequence and it will be inserted. Control characters are displayed highlighted. See the ASCII to Commdore ASCII Conversion Chart Appendix for a list of Ascii Characters, including Control Codes. Using the Character Set Editor At one time or another, most Commodore 64/128 owners have fiddled around with customized character sets. DesTerm uses character sets that are in TRUE Ascii order which makes them difficult to construct with regular character set editors. A full featured character set editor is now included with DesTerm. The character set editor is named 'fontedit.edt' and is loaded as if it were one of the buffer editors - don't worry any information in the buffer is kept intact. When you start the character set editor (ALT V) you will see four areas on the screen: 1) A status line, that identifies the current character and start of block. 2) A large 8x8 grid containing the character to be edited. 3) All 256 characters that are available to be edited. 4) A quick description of the keys. Selecting Which Character To Edit Use the cursor keys to move the cursor over the character you with to edit. Press RETURN to start editing the selected character. The current character number (in hex) is displayed on the top line. Editing A Character 26 DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide FH manual04.ascO$ Once you have selected the character you wish to edit, and have pressed RETURN, you are in 'edit' mode. The cursor moves into the edit box. As you would expect, the Cursor keys act to move the cursor around the edit box. The following functions are also available: Turn Pixel On SPACE Turn Pixel Off PERIOD (.) Reverse Pixel (Toggle) ENTER Clear Character INST/DEL Mirror Image M Flip Image (Upside Down) F Invert Image I Rotate 90 deg Left L Rotate 90 deg Right R Upside Down U Shift Character Up KEYPAD 8 Shift Character Down KEYPAD 2 Shift Character Left KEYPAD 4 Shift Character Right KEYPAD 6 Undo Changes Q Exit Edit Mode ESC Block Mode Block mode allows certain operations to be performed on more than one character at a time. To define a block, move the cursor to the first character of the block and press 'B'. Then move the cursor to the final character in the block. The following functions work in block mode: Clear Character INST/DEL Exit Edit Mode ESC Mirror Image M Flip Image (Upside Down) F Invert Image I Rotate 90 deg Left L Rotate 90 deg Right R Upside Down U Shift Character Up KEYPAD 8 Shift Character Down KEYPAD 2 Shift Character Left KEYPAD 4 Shift Character Right KEYPAD 6 Picking Menu Border Characters Unlike previous versions, there are only eight characters that need to be specially defined specially for DesTerm. The eight characters make up the borders that DesTerm uses for its windows. Character 0 is never displayed on the screen by DesTerm - so it is now used to define the characters that should be used for the borders. The Keypad keys 1,2,3,4,6,7,8 and 9 are used to assign the current character to be used for one of the eight border graphics. The relationship is simple: 789 4 6 123 Since most character sets include their own set of 'utility graphic' characters, these can be used to draw the menu borders instead of needing to define some especially. Loading and Saving Character Sets Character sets can be saved by pressing the 'S' key. Remember to use a filename extension of '.chr' so that DesTerm can identify the file as a character set. Character sets are loaded by pressing the 'L' key. A list of potential character sets is displayed on the screen for you to choose from. Hanging up the Phone In almost all cases, signaling the remote service that you wish to log-off is quite enough to get the phone-call terminated. If for some reason you wish to terminate the call manually, use the 'Hangup Modem' item in the main-menu. First of all, you'll be asked if you're sure. Assuming that you are, up to three things happen: DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide 27 1) The DTR signal sent to the modem is lowered. If your modem is appropriately configured, loss of DTR will immediately cease the phone call. DesTerm checks the state of the Carrier Detect line to verify the state of the connection. 2) If the DTR trick didn't work, then DesTerm falls back to sending the 'Hangup Sequence' as defined in the Modem Settings menu. 3) If that doesn't work, then you're on your own -- DesTerm gives up. Answering the Telephone The DesTerm Answer Phone function is quite simplistic. When this feature is activated, DesTerm will wait for the 'RING' sequence (as defined in the Modem Settings menu). When this sequence is received, DesTerm will answer the call and wait for the connect string (changing speed if necessary). That's it. NOTE: This function only works with Hayes compatible modems. Exiting DesTerm In the unlikely event that you ever want to exit DesTerm (like, as if!), you should select the 'Exit DesTerm' item from the main-menu. You'll be asked if you are sure and you'll be given the opportunity to save anything in the buffer. Getting Help DesTerm comes complete with an on-line documentation service. The Help Viewer program is loaded as if it were one of the buffer-editor programs. Load the file 'help.edt' from the File Settings->Load Editor Prg menu item. DesTerm comes supplied with several help files with the extension '.hlp'. To load these files, either use the Buffer Settings- >Load menu item or the ALT L hotkey sequence. To view the help file you've loaded, use the ALT V hotkey sequence. NOTE: Any information in the buffer that has not been saved will be lost. Each help file is broken up into pages. You always start viewing the help file at the first page. You will notice that certain areas of the screen are highlighted these areas signify 'links' or ways to view other pages. The cursor keys allow you to move the cursor around each page (which can be more than one screen in length). You will notice that if the cursor moves into one of the highlighted areas then that area becomes inverted this signals that the link is active pressing RETURN at this point will take you to the page that describes the link in question. To further aid in navigating the help pages, certain keys perform special functions: KEYPAD 9 Move the cursor up by one screen length. KEYPAD 3 Move the cursor down by one screen length. KEYPAD 7 Move the cursor to the start of the current line. KEYPAD 1 Move the cursor to the end of the current line. B Move back one page. This means that you will be viewing the page just before the page that you are viewing now. You can use this function to re-trace your steps right back to the first page. F Move forward one page. If you used 'B' to move back by one or more pages, you can use 'F' to move forward to pages that you 'went to next' previously. L Move to next Link. The cursor will be moved to the first (and then subsequent) Links on the current page. This function is much quicker than using the cursor keys to move from link to link. K Move to previous Link. Much like the 'L' function - but the 28 DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide links are selected in reverse order. N Go to the Next page. The next page in memory is viewed - it may have nothing to do with the current page. P Go to the Previous page. The previous page in memory is viewed - it may have nothing to do with the current page. T Go to the First page in the help file (Top). Q Quit the Help Viewer. DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide 29 Appendix A: Hotkey Sequences ALT A Redial the last number that was dialed ALT B Open the Baud Rate menu ALT C Toggle between buffer capture and send modes ALT D Open the Dial Number menu ALT E Toggle Local Echo ALT F Open the Define Fkey menu ALT G Open the Terminal Settings menu ALT H Attempt to hang-up the phone call ALT J Reset Terminal ALT K Save From Buffer ALT L Load Into Buffer ALT M Open Multiple Dial menu ALT N Open the Edit Number File menu ALT O Open the Disk Functions menu ALT P Print the Buffer contents ALT Q Clear Buffer contents ALT R Receive (Download) Files ALT S Send (Upload) Files ALT U Open User Settings menu ALT V View/Edit Buffer ALT W Dump the current Screen to Printer ALT X Execute Script (not implemented) ALT Z Clear Screen ALT + Enable Buffer (open -> input/output) ALT - Disable Buffer (close -> no input/output) ALT ESC Send Break Character ALT 9 Send Logon Name (as defined for the telephone book entry) ALT 0 Send Password (as defined for the telephone book entry) NOTE: Function keys are: ALT 1 through ALT 8. Use either main or numeric keypad numbers. The C= key can be used in place of ALT. 30 DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide Appendix B: ASCII to Commdore ASCII Conversion Chart HEX ASC CBM HEX ASC CBM HEX ASC CBM HEX ASC CBM 0 NUL - 20 SP SP 40 @ @ 60 ` - 1 SOH - 21 ! ! 41 A a 61 a A 2 STX - 22 " " 42 B b 62 b B 3 ETX - 23 # # 43 C c 63 c C 4 EOT - 24 $ $ 44 D d 64 d D 5 ENQ WHT 25 % % 45 E e 65 e E 6 ACU - 26 & & 46 F f 66 f F 7 BEL - 27 ' ' 47 G g 67 g G 8 ES EALT 28 ( ( 48 H h 68 h H 9 HT DALT 29 ) ) 49 I I 69 I I A LF - 2A * * 4A J j 6A j J B VT - 2B + + 4B K k 6B k K C FF - 2C , , 4C L l 6C l L D CR CR 2D - - 4D M m 6D m M E SO LOW 2E . . 4E N n 6E n N F SI - 2F / / 4F O o 6F o O 10 DLE - 30 0 0 50 P p 70 p P 11 DC1 DWN 31 1 1 51 Q q 71 q Q 12 DC2 ROF 32 2 2 52 R r 72 r R 13 DC3 HME 33 3 3 53 S s 73 s S 14 DC4 DEL 34 4 4 54 T t 74 t T 15 AAK - 35 5 5 55 U u 75 u U 16 SYU - 36 6 6 56 V v 76 v V 17 ETB - 37 7 7 57 W w 77 w W 18 CAN - 38 8 8 58 X x 78 x X 19 EM - 39 9 9 59 Y y 79 y Y 1A SUB - 3A : : 5A Z z 7A z Z 1B ESC - 3B ; ; 5B [ - 7B { - 1C FS RED 3C < < 5C \ - 7C | - 1D GS --> 3D = = 5D [ - 7D } - 1E RS GRN 3E > > 5E ^ - 7E ~ - 1F VS BLU 3F ? ? 5F _ <-- 7F DEL - DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide 31 Appendix C: ANSI X3.64 Control Sequences Code Byte Sequence Meaning ESC $1B Escape character CSI ESC [ or $9B Control Sequence Introducer SM CSI Ps;...;Ps h Set all present Ps modes to on. RM CSI Ps;...;Ps l Set all present Ps modes to off. CUU CSI Pn A Move cursor up Pn lines. Stop at top CUD CSI Pb B Move cursor dn Pn lines. Stop at bot CUF CSI Pb C Move cursor rt Pn cols. Stop at edge CUB CSI Pb D Move cursor lf Pn cols. Stop at edge CUP CSI Pl ; Pc H Move cursor to Pl,Pc from origin. HVP CSI Pl ; Pc f Move cursor to Pl,Pc from origin. IND ESC D or $84 Move cursor down. Scroll up if necessary RI ESC M or $8D Move cursor up. Scroll down if necessary NEL ESC E or $85 Move start of next line. Can scroll LNM CSI 20 h or l Select linefeed/newline mode. SRM CSI 12 h or l Select local echo. SGR CSI Pn;...;Pn m Set Graphics Rendition HTS ESC H or $88 Set tab at cursor position. TBC CSI g or CSI 0 g Clear tab at cursor position. CSI 3 g Clear all tabs. EL CSI K or CSI 0 K Clear cursor to end of line. CSI 1 K Clear start of line to cursor. CSI 2 K Clear entire line. Cursor stays put. ED CSI J or CSI 0 J Clear cursor to end of screen. CSI 1 J Clear start of screen to cursor. CSI 2 J Clear whole display. Cursor goes to home. DCH CSI Pn P Delete Pn characters. ICH CSI Pn @ Insert Pn characters. IL CSI Pn L Insert Pn Lines. DL CSI Pn M Delete Pn Lines. IRM CSI 4 h or l Select auto insert mode. RIS ESC c Reset SGR CODES: 0 Turn off all attributes. 1 Select bold (bright). 4 Select underline. 5 select blink. 7 select inverse video. 3x select character colour x. If x would make characters invisible, x+1 is chosen. 4x select background colour x. The VDC cannot show a separate background colour for each character. The background change will only take effect when the screen is cleared. Then, the whole screen will become this colour. When using menus, the user selected background colour is temporarily used. where x: 0 black 1 red 2 green 3 yellow 4 blue 5 magenta 6 cyan 7 grey Cursor Output Codes Key UP ESC [ A DOWN ESC [ B LEFT ESC [ C RIGHT ESC [ D 32 DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide 33 Appendix D: VT102 Control Sequences Code Byte Sequence Meaning ESC $1B Escape character CSI ESC [ or $9B Control Sequence Introducer SM CSI Ps;...;Ps h Set all present Ps modes to on. RM CSI Ps;...;Ps l Set all present Ps modes to off. DECSTBM CSI Pt ; Pb r Set top margin to Pt, bottom to Pb. DECOM CSI ? 6 h Relative origin mode. CSI ? 6 l Absolute origin mode. CUU CSI Pn A Move cursor up Pn lines. Stop at top CUD CSI Pb B Move cursor dn Pn lines. Stop at bot CUF CSI Pb C Move cursor rt Pn cols. Stop at edge CUB CSI Pb D Move cursor lf Pn cols. Stop at edge CUP CSI Pl ; Pc H Move cursor to Pl,Pc from origin. HVP CSI Pl ; Pc f Move cursor to Pl,Pc from origin. IND ESC D or $84 Move cursor down. Scroll up if necessary RI ESC M or $8D Move cursor up. Scroll down if necessary NEL ESC E or $85 Move start of next line. Can scroll DECSC ESC 7 Save cursor position & graphic mode DECRC ESC 8 Restore cursor pos or Home if none DECAWM CSI ? 7 h Select Auto wrap. CSI ? 7 l Turn off Auto wrap. DECSCNM CSI ? 5 h or l Select light or dark screen. LNM CSI 20 h or l Select linefeed/newline mode. DECANM CSI ? 2 l Select VT52 compatibility. SRM CSI 12 h or l Select local echo. DECCKM CSI ? 1 h or l Select cursor key mode. DECKPAM ESC = Application keypad mode. DECKPNM ESC > Numeric Keypad mode. SCS ESC ( A,B,0,1 or 2 Select character set as G0. ESC ) A,B,0,1 or 2 Select character set as G1. SGR CSI Pn;...;Pn m Set Graphics Rendition HTS ESC H or $88 Set tab at cursor position. TBC CSI g or CSI 0 g Clear tab at cursor position. CSI 3 g Clear all tabs. EL CSI K or CSI 0 K Clear cursor to end of line. CSI 1 K Clear start of line to cursor. CSI 2 K Clear entire line. Cursor stays put. ED CSI J or CSI 0 J Clear cursor to end of screen. CSI 1 J Clear start of screen to cursor. CSI 2 J Clear whole display. Curs stays put. DCH CSI Pn P Delete Pn characters. ICH CSI Pn @ Insert Pn characters. IL CSI Pn L Insert Pn Lines. DL CSI Pn M Delete Pn Lines. IRM CSI 4 h or l Select auto insert mode. DSR CSI 5 n Computer request: status report. CSI 0 n Response: OK. CSI ? 15 n Computer request: printer status. CSI ? 13 n Response: NOT CONNECTED. CSI 6 n Computer request: cursor position. CSI Pl ; Pc R Response: Pl line, Pc column. DA CSI c or CSI 0 c Computer request: device attributes DECID ESC Z Computer request: device attributes DA CSI ? 6 c Response: VT102 CSI ? 1 ; 0 c Response: VT101 CSI ? 1 ; 2 c Response: VT100 RIS ESC c Reset 34 DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide Code Byte Sequence Meaning DECALN ESC # 8 Fill screen with capital E's DECLL CSI 0 q Reset all LEDS CSI Pn;...;Pn q Enable LEDS Pn;...;Pn (1,2,3 or 4) Cursor Key Modes: Cursor Mode Application Mode Set Mode ESC [ ? 1 l ESC [ ? 1 h UP ESC [ A ESC O A DOWN ESC [ B ESC O B LEFT ESC [ C ESC O C RIGHT ESC [ D ESC O D Keypad Key Modes: Keypad Mode Application Mode Set Mode ESC > ESC = 0 0 ESC O p 1 1 ESC O q 2 2 ESC O r 3 3 ESC O s 4 4 ESC O t 5 5 ESC O u 6 6 ESC O v 7 7 ESC O w 8 8 ESC O x 9 9 ESC O y - (minus) - (minus) ESC O m + (plus) + (plus) ESC O l . (period) . (period) ESC O n ENTER CR or CR/LF ESC O M PF1 (F1) ESC O P ESC O P PF2 (F3) ESC O Q ESC O Q PF3 (F5) ESC O R ESC O R PF4 (F7) ESC O S ESC O S Linefeed/Newline mode: ModeKey Pressed Code Sent Code ReceivedAction Off RETURN CR CR Cursor to start of line Off LINEFEED LF LF/FF/VT Cursor Down 1 line On RETURN CR/LF CR Cursor to start of line On LINEFEED LF LF/FF/VT Cursor new line DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide 35 Appendix E: DesTerm Keyboard Mappings There are several Ascii characters that have no keycap on a Commodore 128. This table lists these characters and the key sequences used to generate them. CharacterAscii Code Name Key Sequence Backspace$08 (8) Backspace/Delete INST/DEL [ $5B (91) Open Braket SHIFT : \ $5C (92) Back Slash POUND (#) ] $5D (93) Close Braket SHIFT ; ^ $5E (94) Caret UP ARROW ( ) _ $5F (95) Underscore LEFT ARROW ( ) ` $60 (96) Back Tick SHIFT @ { $7B (123) Open Brace SHIFT + | $7C (124) Vertical Bar SHIFT POUND (SHIFT #) } $7D (125) Close Brace SHIFT - ~ $7E (126) Tilde SHIFT UP ARROW (SHIFT ) Delete $7F (127) Delete/Backspace CLR/HOME NOTE: The INST/DEL and CLR/HOME keys can both be programmed to transmit either code $08 or code $7F via the Terminal Settings menu. At certain times it is necessary to be able to generate control codes (characters in the range $00 (0) to $1F (31)). Most codes are generated by pressing CONTROL (CTRL) and the appropriate alphabetic key. Other codes may not be so obvious. Code NameKey Sequence Code Name Key Sequence $00 (0) NUL CTRL 2, CTRL SPACE $10 (16) DLE CTRL P $01 (1) SOH CTRL A $11 (17) DC1 CTRL Q $02 (2) STX CTRL B $12 (18) DC2 CTRL R $03 (3) ETX CTRL C $13 (19) DC3 CTRL S $04 (4) EOT CTRL D $14 (20) DC4 CTRL T $05 (5) ENQ CTRL E $15 (21) AAK CTRL U $06 (6) ACU CTRL F $16 (22) SYU CTRL V $07 (7) BEL CTRL G $17 (23) ETB CTRL W $08 (8) ES INST/DEL, CTRL H $18 (24) CAN CTRL X $09 (9) HT TAB, CTRL I $19 (25) EM CTRL Y $0A (10)LF LINEFEED, CTRL J $1A (26) SUB CTRL Z $0B (11)VT CTRL K $1B (27) ESC ESC, CTRL 3, CTRL : $0C (12)FF CTRL L $1C (28) FS CTRL 4, CTRL POUND (#) $0D (13)CR RETURN, CTRL M $1D (29) GS CTRL 5, CTRL ;, CTRL = $0E (14)SO CTRL N $1E (30) RS CTRL 6, CTRL UP ARROW ( ) $0F (15)SI CTRL O $1F (31) VS CTRL 7, CTRL LEFT ARROW ( ) $7F (127) DEL CLR/HOME, CTRL 8 36 DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide FH manual05.asc~ters. The most important testers of any piece of software are the users (that's you). If you think that you have found a bug, there are several things you should do: 1) Read any documentation that you can find. Many errors turn out to be little more than misuse or confusion about how something works. 2) Try asking somebody else that uses DesTerm - they may have similar experiences and be able to help. Members of a local Commodore club are a great resource. If you have access to internet news, try posing a question in comp.sys.cbm. 3) If you have access to the web, try looking at the two Official DesTerm 128 information sources: -The Official DesTerm Page [http://www.ionline.net/~mdesmond]. -City Limits BBS [(519) 658-0311, 24hrs] Late breaking news, tips and a list of known errors will be posted to these sources regularly. 4) Send electronic mail. The internet address to use is mdesmond@ionline.net. If you use fidonet, send netmail to Matthew Desmond at 221/203. The more specific information about the problem you can supply, the easier the problem can be tracked down and fixed. Please supply the following information: Which model of Commodore 128 you have. Any hardware mods you may have made (Second SID chip, extra VDC ram etc). Disk Drive types, device numbers, hardware/software revision numbers. REU type & Ram Size. Installed Fast loaders. RS232 cartridges. Your Modem. Your Printer & interface. Extra hardware or peripherals you may have. Any other information you feel important. The C128 systems used to develop DesTerm would be reported like this: Commodore 128, Flat model, 16K VDC, NTSC video, No internal JiffyDOS. Commodore 128, Flat model, VDC expanded to 64K, NTSC video, No internal JiffyDOS. Commodore 1581, device 8, JiffyDOS 6.0 installed. Commodore 1571, device 9, JiffyDOS 6.0 installed. CMD HardDrive, device 12, uses parallel cable, has RTC. Software v1.92. CMD RamLink, device 16. 4Megs installed, RTC installed, RLDIRECT installed. Software v2.01. Commodore 1750 REU - stock, 512K. CMD 1750XL - stock, 2048K. JiffyDOS installed in all disk drives, supported via the RamLink. CMD SwiftLink, with extra 1.8432 crystal added via switch, default IO address, NMI selected. CMD Turbo232 - at default IO address, NMI selected. GVC 14400 Fax modem. Panasonic KX-P2124 dot matrix printer, Xetec Super Graphics Jr, non-translate mode. DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide 37 Smartwatch - home built Real Time Clock. Acer several-sync monitor that allows the 32 & 64 line VDC modes. I am quite notorious for two things: 1) Not responding to mail 2) Taking far too long to make a new release of software. Guilty on both counts I'm afraid. Generally speaking, If I receive e- mail that is worthy of a response, then it will get one. If not, then I take a note of the problem/comment then save the message somewhere. No mail ever gets ignored. 5) Please do not send physical mail - I have a bad enough time paying bills on time. This is the first release of DesTerm in quite a number of years, and it is bound to have many problems - please be patient, report the errors and I'll address them. It is impossible to fix a problem that you don't know about. 38 DesTerm 128 V3.02 User Guide FH