Chinese Dynasty Era at a Glance:
中國 朝代
國 父
Dr. Sun_Yet_Sen 孫中山 (SunZhongShan), 1866-1925.
Founder of China in 1912. (at right, Mauseolum 陵墓 in Nanjing南京.) .
{Dr. Sun's last wishes 《遺囑》 }
China Anthem 國歌
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2690(BC) ~ 2590(BC) | no written historical records. |
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2333(BC) ~ 2234(BC) 2233(BC) ~ 2184(BC) 2100(BC) ~ 1601(BC) | Era of early three dynasties, farming agricultures were developed; paper was invented. Chinese writing complex system, included picture writings, ideograms, pictograms photograms were developed. The basic character writing systems were understood by all chinese regardless of which dialects they speak. this enables to maintain a cultural unity as of today.( Dawn of History) |
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1600(BC) ~ 1066(BC) | Shang 商 dynasty was first to used jade, bronze vessels, porcelain in ritual remembrance of family ancestors, beginning the teaching youngsters to respect the elders. This basic teaching has been passing on from generation to generation as of today. |
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1066(BC) ~ 0221(BC) 西周xi zhou | Zhou 周 dynasty lasted for almost nine centeries, longest in history, an era of marked by prosperity and intellectual advancements. Philosophies of Taoism, Confucius, Mencius dominated Chinese thoughts and culture for next 25 centuries. |
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0221(BC) ~ 0206(BC) |
Qin 秦 dynasty's military victories brought an end to seperate individual kingdoms and unified them
into one empire. Accomplished completing the longest man-made Great Wall 萬里長城 (6700 km) in human history.
standardized local currency, weight and measurement.
Qin's mighty military forces expanded teritories to Korea, Mongolia, and Vietnam. |
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0206(BC) ~ 0023(AD) 0025 ~ 0220(AD) |
Han Dynasty(Western Han 西漢,
Eastern Han 東漢)
instituted civil mandarin service examinations and taxation; advanced in astronomy and medicine; inventions of magnetic
compass, sundial, water clock, lunar calendar, and discovered sun-spots.
In mathematics, was the first to use the value system, invented wheelbarrel, locks to control water level, and abacus. man-made canal was built. Opening the Silk Road through Northwest China Turkestan and Persia, across Cenral Asia to Antioch, Baghdad and Alexandria. |
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0220 ~ 0280 |
Three Kingdoms 三國, five dynasties, and 16 nations - two centuries of separation, disunity and chaos follows: |
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0420 ~ 0589 0386 ~ 0581 | 150 more years divided into two era of 4 and 3 individual kingdoms dynasties. |
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0581 ~ 0618 | Sui 隨 dynasty only lasted 37 years. It was credited, marked the beginning of the reunification. Completed the longest man-made China Grand Canal 運河 (1800km) in China. Sui replaced anachstic institutions with an institution that set the precedence and framework for greatest Tang dynasty followed. |
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0618 ~ 0907 | Tang 唐 dynasty had more than 300 years of golden era in Chinese civilization in literatures and arts; enriched cultural life. the teachings of Confucius孔夫子 , Taoism 老子, Buddhism 佛教, and other philosophers were instituted. man-made longest Grand Canal 運河 (1800km) was completed, the Silk Road extended as far Central Asia. Mandarin examinations were universalized to bring the best and brightest mandarins into services of the emperior. This was also a period of imperial expansion. Tang control was recognized by Tibet and Central Asia west to Mongolia, by Manchuria and Korea in the north, and by Annam in the south. |
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0907 ~ 0979 |
Era of Separations divided into five kindoms dynasties and ten nations -- 五代: 梁 LIANG, 唐 TANG, 晉JIN, 漢HAN, 周ZHOU 。
十國: 1. 楚chu, 2. 吳wu, 3. 前蜀qian shu, 4. 後蜀hou shu, 5. 閩min, 6. 南漢nan han, 7. 北漢 bei han, 8. 南平nan ping, 9. 南唐nan tang, 10. 吳越wu yue. |
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0960 ~ 1127 | Song 宋 dynasty era was a period of innovation. gunpower were invented and magnetic compass was in use. Known for its historical writings, lanscape printings, calligraphies, pictograms, and porcelain china. |
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0907 ~ 1125 1032 ~ 1227 1115 ~ 1234 | . Periods of weakening. |
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1279 ~ 1368 | Yuan 元 dynasty : Genghis Khan conquered China from the north, but was considered the most cruel, barbarian uncivilized ruler in Chinese history. |
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1368 ~ 1644 | Ming 明 dynasty : The Emporer palace of Fobidden City was built in Beijing, Famous Ming Tombs were found nearby. It was the period of retorations and reorganizations. Great mariner, Zheng He 鄭和 sailed around the world in 1405-1433. |
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1644 ~ 1911 | Qing 清 dynasty : the Manchus from northeast ruled the whole China. Beginning of early 1800s,
Qing dynasty was weakened in the face of external threat from the west.
China lost the opium war to British; opened the door later to 8 foreign countries [Britain英,United States美,France法,Germany德,Japan日,Russia,Austria澳] joint forces invaded China 1901, led to
boxers rebellion,China was humiliated by the west as a weak nation 東亞病夫。 Dr. Sun_Yet_Sen 孫中山 from GuangDong Province: 廣東省 led the revolution overthrown the Qing dynasty and establishd Republic of China in 1912 October 10 in Nanjing南京. [孫中山遺矚 ] 
the Last Emporer |
The Good Earth. |
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1912 ~ 1949 | 台灣 TaiWan -- Republic of China : After War World II, Japan lost the war and withdrawn from China, GuoMinDang 國民黨 (KuoMingTang KMT) Chiang Kai_Shed 蔣介石(Jiang_JieShi) and Communist Party Mao_ZeDong 毛澤東 engaged in a civil war. KMT lost the civil war and retreated to Taiwan under the protection of US 7th fleet in 1949. |
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1949 ~ Present | Mainland China 中國大陸 --
People Republic of China
was proclaimed and established by
Mao_ZeDong 毛澤東 in 1949 October 01 in Beijing 北京.
After Mao's death in 1976, Deng XiaoPing 鄧小平 came to power; China decided to implement new economic reform -- an opened-door capitalistic economic policy to allow foreign investments freely in China. As a result, China economy was able to grow rapidly at an extraordinary rate, continuously as of today. Deng was credited for this astronomic economy growth phenomonon, raised the Chinese people's living standards at a hastened rapid pace never seen before. During this period, Chinese young people excelled in both educations and sports. Scores of young athletes won gold metals in world competitions. World-class universities flourished in China. In 2003, China accomplished the famous impossible century dream project Three Gorges Dam 三 峽 水 閘 engineering feat. And In 2003, launched an astronaut [Yang LiWei 楊利偉] into space flight flawlessly. In sport, China was awarded the Summer Olympic Games in BeiJing, 2008. 北京世運會。 On the economic front, China admitted to World Trade Organizations(WTO) in 2001. and the Chinese currency yuan floated in a basket of world currencies in 2005. On national sovereignty,Outer Mongolia 蒙古 regained its independence from China in 1921. XinJiang 新疆 Autonomous government was established in 1955. Tibet 西藏Autonomous Region was established in 1965. Both In 1997, HongKong 香港 and In 1999, Macau 澳門returned to China under one country with two different government systems for 50 years. TaiWan 台灣 remains an obstacle, but nevertheless considered as an integral part of China provincial provinces.
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Dr. Sun's wishes, 孫中山《遺囑》
Chinese Communist Party
China population as of june 2003 = 1.27 Billions. |
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Mao ZeDong毛澤東 .
Deng XiaoPing 鄧小平
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Maps of China Dynasties 地圖msus.edu
Ancient Chinese Dynasties by Eleanor J. Hall, 2000
Chinese Philosophy.
English-Chinese Chinese-English PinYin Dictionary
英漢 漢英 拼音字典
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